摘要

抗生素耐药性的迅速出现和传播对人类健康和海洋环境构成威胁。我们研究了广东7个海水鱼网箱养殖区的苗期，饲养期和收获期抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和抗生素抗性菌（ARB）的丰度和多样性。还分析了AGR和ARB的空间和时间变化。基于培养的方法和定量PCR用于检测ARB和ARG。在农业期间，细菌耐药率没有显着差异。除耐受土霉素的细菌外，抗生素耐药细菌的比例极低（平均为1.15％）（平均为34.15％）。弧菌是最常见的ARB。 Sul1，tetB和ermB具有最高的相对丰度。收获期ARG的丰度最高。 ARG的总丰度在饶平最高，在大亚湾和流沙最低。大多数ARG与机会性病原体有关。影响ARB和ARG的环境因素很复杂，没有确定关键因素。本研究为评估ARG和ARB对食品安全和人类健康的危害性提供了理论依据。

The rapid emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance poses a threat to human health and to the marine environment. We have investigated the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), during the seedling period, rearing period, and harvesting period in seven marine fish cage-culture areas in Guangdong. Spatial and temporal variations of AGRs and ARB were also analyzed. Culture-based methods and quantitative PCR were used to detect ARB and ARGs. Bacterial resistance rates were no significantly different within farming periods. The proportion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was extremely low (average on 1.15%), except for oxytetracycline-resistant bacteria (average on 34.15%). Vibrio was the most common ARB. Sul1, tetB, and ermB, had the highest relative abundance. The abundance of ARGs in the harvesting period was significant highest. The total abundance of ARGs was highest at Raoping and lowest at Dayawan and Liusha. Most ARGs were associated with opportunistic pathogens. The environmental factors effecting ARB and ARGs are complex, and no key factors were identified. This study provides a theoretical basis for assessing the harmfulness of ARGs and ARB to food safety and human health.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30583154