摘要

生物体摄取微塑料为人类通过海鲜消费提供了潜在的暴露途径。虽然海水养殖已经成为全球海产品的重要来源，但海水养殖区的微塑料含量比野生环境受到的审查要少。毛威海是一个半封闭的海湾，拥有丰富的渔业资源。毛威海及其渔业产品中的微塑料的具体含量仍未确定。在本文中，我们详细介绍了毛瓦海水产养殖水和生物群中微塑料的分布和特征。在毛威海表层水中检测到的微塑料在1.2-10.1粒子/ L范围内，在河口牡蛎苗圃（10.1颗粒/ L）和钦州港（8.8-9.5颗粒/ L）中具有高微观结构。在来自三条流入河流的水样中，丰度范围为2.9至4.5粒子/ L，与毛威海表层水相当。在属于12种物种的66种采集的鱼中，在所有胃肠道（GIT）和40只个体的鳃中观察到微塑料。在GIT和gill测试中，微塑料的丰度分别为2.0至14.0和0.0至8.5个颗粒/个体。 GIT中增强的颗粒/个体数字相对于鳃特别值得注意。与浮游物种相比，底层物种显示出更高的微塑料丰度（p <0.05）。在所有牡蛎样品的软组织中也检测到微塑料，其丰度范围为3.2至8.6个颗粒/个体。微塑料组合物由人造丝和聚酯主导，并且倾向于白色和纤维状。总之，这些结果对应于毛威海的高水平微塑料。由于研究区域是海水养殖区，其渔业产品中观察到的微塑料污染为人类暴露提供了途径。胶囊摘要：在海水养殖海湾Maowei海的水产养殖水和生物群中广泛存在微塑料。

The ingestion of microplastics by organisms presents a potential exposure route for humans via seafood consumption. Although mariculture has become an essential source of seafood worldwide, the content of microplastics in the mariculture zone has received less scrutiny than in the wild environment. The Maowei Sea is a semi-closed bay that is rich in fishery resources. The specific levels of microplastics in the Maowei Sea and its fishery products remain undetermined. In this paper, we detail the distributions and characteristics of microplastics in the aquaculture water and biota of the Maowei Sea. Microplastics were detected in the range of 1.2-10.1 particles/L in Maowei Sea surface water, with high microplastic content in estuarine oyster nursery (10.1 particles/L) and Qinzhou harbor (8.8-9.5 particles/L) sites. In water samples from the three inflowing rivers, the abundances ranged from 2.9 to 4.5 particles/L, which is comparable to that in Maowei Sea surface water. Of 66 collected fish belonging to 12 species, microplastics were observed in all of the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) and in the gills of 40 individuals. In the GIT and gill tests, the abundances of microplastics ranged from 2.0 to 14.0 and from 0.0 to 8.5 particles/individual, respectively. The enhanced particles/individual figures in the GIT relative to the gill are particularly noteworthy. Demersal species showed significantly higher abundances of microplastics than pelagic species (p < 0.05). Microplastics were also detected in the soft tissues of all oyster samples, with abundances ranging from 3.2 to 8.6 particles/individual. The microplastic composition was dominated by rayon and polyester and tended to be white in color and fibrous in shape. Altogether, these results correspond to high levels of microplastics in the Maowei Sea. As the study region is a mariculture bay, the observed microplastics contamination in its fishery products presents a route for human exposure. CAPSULE ABSTRACT: Microplastics are widespread in the aquaculture water and biota in the Maowei Sea, a mariculture bay.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30577027