摘要

微塑料是海洋生态系统中普遍存在的污染源，对海洋生物具有重要意义。 已经投入了大量精力来评估微塑料对海洋生物的各种影响。 然而，没有证据表明微塑料沥滤物对化学介导的捕食者 - 猎物相互作用的影响以及猎物探测和避免其捕食者的能力。 该研究表明，微型沥青具有直接的生物学效应，通过扰乱潮间带腹足类Littorina littorea对Carcinus maenas化学线索的存在的行为反应，因此增加了它们对捕食的脆弱性。 来自原始和搁浅颗粒的沥滤液分别损害和抑制L. littorea警戒和反捕食者行为。 这些结果表明，微塑料沥滤物的生物效应可能对依赖化学感应线索逃避捕食的分类群的海洋生态系统产生重大影响。

Microplastics are a ubiquitous source of contaminations in marine ecosystems, and have major implications for marine life. Much effort has been devoted to assessing the various effects of microplastics on marine life. No evidence exists, however, on the effects of microplastic leachates on chemically mediated predator-prey interactions and the ability of prey to detect and avoid its predator. This study shows that microplastic leachates have direct biological effects by disturbing the behavioural response of the intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea to the presence of Carcinus maenas chemical cues, hence increasing their vulnerability to predation. Leachates from virgin and beached pellets respectively impaired and inhibited L. littorea vigilance and antipredator behaviours. These results suggest that the biological effects from microplastic leachates may have major implications for marine ecosystems on taxa that rely on chemosensory cues to escape predation.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30487257