摘要

雨水污染可威胁水域生态系统的健康，并通过养分和病原体大量涌入径流而威胁人类。在这项研究中，通过使用高通量微流控qPCR（MFQPCR）测定了美国佛罗里达州坦帕湾在干燥和潮湿天气的几个暴雨排水口（SDO）中11种细菌病原体和47种抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的浓度。 。还将这项研究中产生的数据与最近研究中收集的同一SDO中粪便指示菌（FIB）和与污水相关的分子标记（即拟杆菌HF183和crAssphage标记）的水平进行了比较（Ahmed等人，2018）。水样中FIB，污水相关标志物，细菌病原体和许多ARG的浓度相对较高，SDO可能是坦帕湾微生物污染的潜在热点。可培养大肠杆菌和肠球菌的平均浓度。与干旱天气相比，湿润天气要高十倍。大多数微生物污染物遵循这一趋势。编码毒力因子intimin的大肠杆菌eaeA与20种ARGs的水平相关，并且在潮湿天气中比在干燥天气中检测到的频率更高。仅在潮湿天气样品中检测到与耐碳青霉烯的肠杆菌科相关的blaKPC基因和对β-内酰胺的抗性基因（blaNPS）。在雨天样本中，整合子基因Intl2和Intl3的检测频率增加了42％。可培养的大肠杆菌和肠球菌与47个ARG（40％）中的19个显着相关。污水相关标志物crAssphage和HF183与以下ARG显着相关（p <0.05）：intl1，sul1，tet（M），ampC，mexB和tet（W）。与污水相关的标记基因以及与污水相关的ARG的存在表明，老化的污水基础设施加剧了海湾的污染物负荷。进一步的研究应集中在收集关于微生物污染物特别是SDO中病毒的时空数据。

Stormwater contamination can threaten the health of aquatic ecosystems and human exposed to runoff via nutrient and pathogen influxes. In this study, the concentrations of 11 bacterial pathogens and 47 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were determined by using high-throughput microfluidic qPCR (MFQPCR) in several storm drain outfalls (SDOs) during dry and wet weather in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Data generated in this study were also compared with the levels of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and sewage-associated molecular markers (i.e., Bacteroides HF183 and crAssphage markers) in same SDOs collected in a recent study (Ahmed et al., 2018). Concentration of FIB, sewage-associated markers, bacterial pathogens and many ARGs in water samples were relatively high and SDOs may be potentially hotspots for microbial contamination in Tampa Bay. Mean concentrations of culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were tenfold higher in wet compared to dry weather. The majority of microbiological contaminants followed this trend. E. coli eaeA, encoding the virulence factor intimin, was correlated with levels of 20 ARGs, and was more frequently detected in wet weather than dry weather samples. The blaKPC gene associated with carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the beta-lactam resistant gene (blaNPS) were only detected in wet weather samples. Frequency of integron genes Intl2 and Intl3 detection increased by 42% in wet weather samples. Culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. significantly correlated with 19 of 47 (40%) ARG tested. Sewage-associated markers crAssphage and HF183 significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the following ARGs: intl1, sul1, tet(M), ampC, mexB, and tet(W). The presence of sewage-associated marker genes along with ARGs associated with sewage suggested that aging sewage infrastructure contributed to contaminant loading in the Bay. Further research should focus on collecting spatial and temporal data on the microbiological contaminants especially viruses in SDOs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018301685