摘要

进行了一项比较研究，以（1）评估喀麦隆（中非）两个不同规模的城市中用于城市农业的原始污水传播细菌抗性的潜力，以及（2）将结果与在布基纳法索（西非）获得的数据进行比较。非洲）。在每个城市中，从三个街区的露天运河中采样了原始污水样品。 DNA提取后，使用全基因组shot弹枪测序和生物信息学分析了微生物种群的结构和功能，病原体的存在，抗生素抗性基因和肠杆菌科质粒复制子。在污水中检测到43种病原体特异性病毒因子基因。肠杆菌科细菌复制子类型的18种不同不相容性组（ColE，A / C，B / O / K / Z，FIA，FIB，FIC，FII，H，I，N，P，Q，R，T，U，W， X和Y）涉及耐药基因的传播存在于污水样品中。在这两个城市中，共鉴定了一百三十六种通常与MDR质粒运输相关的抗生素抗性基因。在布基纳法索废水中发现的肠杆菌科细菌质粒复制子和ARGs也存在于喀麦隆水域。在人口众多的雅温得市，肠杆菌科，质粒复制子和抗生素抗性基因的丰度更高。总之，在西非和中非，在城市农业用污水中发现的与临床有关的环境抗药性很普遍。城市的规模影响原污水中的耐药基因的丰富度，而ESBL基因的丰度与肠杆菌科的流行以及与粪便污染有关的质粒肠杆菌科的流行有关。

A comparative study was conducted to (1) assess the potential of raw sewage used for urban agriculture to disseminate bacterial resistance in two cities of different size in Cameroon (Central Africa) and (2) compare the outcome with data obtained in Burkina Faso (West Africa). In each city, raw sewage samples were sampled from open-air canals in three neighbourhoods. After DNA extraction, the microbial population structure and function, presence of pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes and Enterobacteriaceae plasmids replicons were analysed using whole genome shotgun sequencing and bioinformatics. Forty-three pathogen-specific virulenc e factor genes were detected in the sewage. Eighteen different incompatibility groups of Enterobacteriaceae plasmid replicon types (ColE, A/C, B/O/K/Z, FIA, FIB, FIC, FII, H, I, N, P, Q, R, T, U, W, X, and Y) implicated in the spread of drug-resistance genes were present in the sewage samples. One hundred thirty-six antibiotic resistance genes commonly associated with MDR plasmid carriage were identified in both cities. Enterobacteriaceae plasmid replicons and ARGs found in Burkina Faso wastewaters were also present in Cameroon waters. The abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, plasmid replicons and antibiotic resistance genes was greater in Yaounde, the city with the greater population. In conclusion, the clinically relevant environmental resistome found in raw sewage used for urban agriculture is common in West and Central Africa. The size of the city impacts on the abundance of drug-resistant genes in the raw sewage while ESBL gene abundance is related to the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae along with plasmid Enterobacteriaceae abundance associated to faecal pollution.

https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/31078086