摘要

    温室蔬菜生产（GVP）土壤中施用大量的有机肥，而有机肥的施用往往导致土壤中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的扩散。然而，关于不同肥料类型对GVP土壤中ARGs影响的综合研究尚不清楚，而且GVP土壤中ARGs的基线水平也缺乏定量。本研究采用高通量定量PCR技术对GVP土壤中的ARGs进行了全面调查。结果表明，施肥土壤中ARG多样性和绝对丰度升高，而不同肥料处理的土壤ARG差异不显著。冗余度分析表明，细菌群落组成和环境因子的变化是ARG谱变化的部分原因。二分网络分析表明，在非施肥土壤中检测到1种ARG，而在施肥土壤中仅检测到50种ARG和4种移动基因元素，说明从肥料中引入ARG在很大程度上解释了施肥土壤中ARG多样性增加的原因。通过比较施肥土壤和非施肥土壤中ARG的绝对丰度，估算了非施肥土壤中ARG绝对丰度的典型水平，为评价GVP土壤中ARG污染提供了第一个粗基线水平。

     A large quantity of manure is applied in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) soils, while manure fertilization often leads to the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soils. However, comprehensive study on the effects of different types of manure on ARGs in GVP soils remains unknown, and the baseline level of ARGs in GVP soil is poorly quantified. This study conducted a comprehensive survey of ARGs in GVP soils using high-throughput quantitative PCR. We found elevated ARG diversity and absolute abundance in fertilized soil, whereas no significant difference in soil ARGs amended with different types of manure. Redundancy analysis indicated that the change of bacterial community compositions and environmental factors contributed partially to the shift in ARG profiles. Bipartite network analysis indicated that one ARG was detected in non-manured soils, while 50 ARGs and 4 mobile gene elements were exclusively detected in fertilized soils, suggesting introduction of ARGs from manure into soils largely explained the increased ARG diversity in fertilized soil. By comparison of ARG absolute abundance between manured and non-manured soil, we estimated the typical level of ARG absolute abundance in non-manured soil, which provided the first rough baseline level of ARGs to assess ARG contamination in GVP soils.

     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420302557