综述

    本研究以洪湖为例，探讨了6个抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）、1个可移动基因元件（int1）与微生物群落、抗生素和水质的关系。在两次采样过程中，调查区域的ARGs和int1在每个样本中的检测频率均为100%。河流和进入湖泊的ARG值均高于洪湖。Sul1是这一区域的主要ARG。抗生素、营养物质和溶解氧分别与所有ARG呈显著、正相关、负相关。这一发现表明，减少使用抗生素和水体富营养化水平可以降低ARG污染的风险。微生物群落的变化对ARG的变化有最直接的贡献。然而，当考虑到间接影响时，环境因素对ARGs的变异贡献率为34%，微生物群落贡献率为28%，它们的联合作用对ARG的分布贡献率为27%。厚壁菌门、金门单胞菌、变形菌门等的丰度与ARGs呈显著正相关，提示这些菌门可能携带ARGs。该研究为中国典型湖泊中ARG的分布和传播提供了系统的描述，为湖泊中ARG的控制提供了新的思路。

    In this study, six antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), one mobile genetic element (int1), and their relation with microbial communities, antibiotics, and water quality were investigated in and around of an agriculturally disturbed lake, namely, Lake Honghu. The ARGs and int1 in the research area had a 100 % detection frequency in each sample during two sampling times. The ARGs were higher in the rivers and inlets than in Lake Honghu. Sul1 was the main ARG in this area. Antibiotics, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen were significantly, positively, and negatively correlated with nearly all of the ARGs, respectively. This finding suggests that reducing antibiotics and the eutrophication level could reduce the risk of ARGs. Microbial community shift had the most direct contribution to ARG variation. However, when the indirect effect was considered, environmental factors contributed 34 % to the ARGs’ variance, the microbial community contributed 28 %, and their joint effect contributed 27 % to the ARG profiles. The abundance of Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Proteobacteria, etc. and their positive correlation with ARGs were significant, suggesting that these phyla probably carry ARGs. The study provides a systematic profile of ARG distribution and dissemination in a typical Chinese lake and new ideas to control this emerging contaminant in lakes.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420304155