摘要

抗生素和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）是地表水特别是饮用水水源中新出现的污染物，它们可能对人类健康和水生生态构成威胁。在饮用水库建设生态净化设施，是为了保障水质。然而，它们清除水中抗生素和ARGs的能力以及ARGs在这些河流水库系统中的存在还没有得到全面的描述。本文研究了上海市典型河流水库系统中抗生素、ARGs和可移动基因元件的发生、分布和时空变化。我们采用高通量定量PCR技术，检测水中共有283个ARGs和12个MGEs。当河水经过水库生态净化过程时，入库水中抗生素残留量和总ARGs、MGEs绝对丰度显著降低。这一河流水库系统中的抗生素只对水生生态系统和人类健康构成有限的风险。ARGs的分布格局与时空因素无显著相关性。优势ARGs与整合子呈显著相关。通过冗余分析和变异分配分析，确定MGEs是改变ARGs分布的主要驱动因素，环境因素和抗生素残留的影响反映在与MGEs的联合作用中。小型生态水库是缓解饮用水源地生态风险的有效工程。

Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants in surface waters, especially drinking water sources, where they can pose a risk to human health and aquatic ecology. The ecological purification facilities constructed in the drinking water reservoirs are intended to safeguard water quality. However, their ability to remove antibiotics and ARGs from the water and the presence of ARGs in such river-reservoir systems have not been comprehensively characterized yet. The occurrence, distribution and spatiotemporal variations in antibiotics, ARGs, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were investigated in a representative river-reservoir system in Shanghai, China. A total of 283 ARGs and 12 MGEs were detected in the water using high- throughput quantitative PCR analysis. Antibiotic residues and the absolute abundance of total ARGs and MGEs in reservoir inflow were significantly reduced when water from the river passed through the ecological purification processes in the reservoir. Antibiotics in this river-reservoir system posed only limited risks to the aquatic ecosystem and human health. No significant correlation was observed between the distribution pattern of ARGs and spatiotemporal factors. The dominant ARGs were strongly and significantly correlated with integrons. Through redundancy analysis and variation partitioning analysis, we determined that MGEs were the major driver shifting the distribution of ARGs, and the effects of environmental factors and antibiotic residues were reflected in the joint effects with MGEs. The small ecological reservoir was verified as an effective engineering to mitigate ecological risk in the drinking water source

https://sciencedirect.xilesou.top/science/article/pii/S0048969719352684