摘要

       蔬菜中抗生素残留已成为危害人类健康的一个重要因素，抗生素不仅对植物产生毒性作用，而且可以诱导抗药性基因（ARG）的表达。采用无土栽培方法，研究生姜生长对四环素（TC）污染的响应，评价不同植物器官中抗生素残留水平和根茎中ARGs的存在。高TC污染环境对生姜生长有明显抑制作用。TC污染对光合参数、荧光参数和一些生理指标（氧化物质、光合色素、酶活性等）都有负面影响。尽管超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高，但其作用似乎有限。根状茎（28.1 mg kg-1）中TC的积累大于根、茎或叶中TC的积累。除tetL外，所有被检测的耐药基因均在根茎中检测到，其相对丰度依次为整合素1>tetG>tetA>tetC>tetB。生姜中总胆固醇含量远高于最高残留限量。食用在高TC污染环境中生长的生姜获得的TC的潜在剂量对成年人没有明显的风险，但可能对儿童构成威胁。

        The presence of antibiotic residues in vegetables has been highlighted as a risk to human health; antibiotics not only cause toxic effects to plants but can also induce antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) expression. Using a soil-free approach, this study aimed to explore the response of ginger growth to tetracycline (TC) pollution and to assess the levels of antibiotic residues in different plant organs and the presence of ARGs in the rhizome. Ginger growth in a highly TC-contaminated environment was remarkably inhibited. Photosynthetic parameters, fluorescence parameters, and some physiological indicators (oxidative substances, photosynthetic pigments, enzyme activity, etc.) were negatively influenced by TC contamination. Although the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity levels significantly increased, their effects appear to be limited. The accumulation of TC in the rhizome (28.1 mg kg^-1) was greater than that in the roots, stem, or leaves. All tested antibiotic resistance genes except for tetL were detectable in the rhizome, and their relative abundance was in the order integron1>tetG > tetA > tetC > tetB > tetM. The level of TC in ginger rhizomes was much higher than the maximum residue limits. The potential dose of TC acquired from the consumption of ginger grown in a highly TC-contaminated environment poses no obvious risk to adults but may be a threat to children.

         https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0045-6535(18)30396-5