摘要

      抗生素和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）被认为是新出现的环境污染物，对全球公共健康具有潜在的危害。然而，目前对两级组合人工湿地在抗生素和精氨酸去除方面的差异知之甚少。在研究中，两级混合水煤浆的三种结构（水平下流垂直下流水煤浆，HF-DVF；水平上流垂直下流水煤浆，HF-UVF；下流垂直下流垂直上流垂直下流水煤浆，采用DVF-UVF法对鹅粪便中的高浓度抗生素（替米考星TMS和强力霉素DOC）、ARGs（七个tet基因和三个erm基因）、intI1、16srRNA和营养盐进行了去除能力评价。结果表明，三种复合水煤浆均能去除废水中98%以上的TMS和DOC，处理间差异不显著（p>0.05）。对ARGs而言，DVF-UVF对intI1、ermB、ermC、ermF、tetW和tetG的去除率明显高于HF-UVF（p<0.05），主要是因为它们可以去除和抑制细菌的生长。DVF-UVF对NH4~+N、NO3~-N和NO2~-N的去除率也较高，在87%～95%之间（p>0.05），说明水煤浆中可能存在厌氧氨氧化（anammox）。结果表明，两段式混合水煤浆对抗生素的去除效果不受组合结构的影响，而DVF和UVF组合水煤浆对ARGs和养分的去除效果优于HF-DVF和HF-UVF组合水煤浆。

        Antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been considered as emerging environmental contaminants and possess potential crisis to global public health. However, little is known about the differences between various configurations of two-stage combinations of constructed wetlands (CWs) on antibiotics and ARG removal from wastewater. In the study, three configurations of two-stage hybrid CWs (horizontal subsurface flow-down-flow vertical subsurface flow CWs, HF-DVF; horizontal subsurface flow-up-flow vertical subsurface flow CWs, HF-UVF; down-flow vertical subsurface flow-up-flow vertical subsurface flow CWs, DVF-UVF) were operated to evaluate their ability to remove high-concentration antibiotics (tilmicosin-TMS and doxycycline-DOC), ARGs (seven tet genes and three erm genes), intI1, 16S rRNA, and nutrients from goose wastewater. The results showed that all three hybrid CWs could remove more than 98% of TMS and DOC from wastewater, without significant difference among treatments (p > 0.05). For ARGs, DVF-UVF showed significantly higher removal efficiencies of intI1, ermB, ermC, ermF, tetW, and tetG compared to HF-UVF (p < 0.05), mainly because they might remove and arrest growth of bacteria. The relatively high removal efficiencies of NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^-N, and NO₂^--N were also observed from DVF-UVF, ranging from 87% to 95% (p > 0.05), indicating that anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) might be established in the CWs. Our results demonstrate that the removal performances of antibiotics using two-stage hybrid CWs are not affected by the combined configuration, whereas the combination of DVF and UVF CWs perform better on the removal of ARGs and nutrients compared with HF-DVF and HF-UVF CWs.

        https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6843979/