摘要

      植物微生物群是人类接触环境抗生素耐药性的重要途径。然而，在更大规模的人类相关环境中，关于植物相关抗性的信息很少。本文采用高通量定量PCR芯片阵列和扩增子测序技术，对人类高度干扰的城郊农田和少干扰森林的植物和土壤微生物群中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和细菌群落进行了分水岭尺度的研究。在叶状圈中共检测到71种ARGs，几乎涵盖了人类和动物常用的所有主要公认抗生素种类。在受人为影响的集约化农田，植物相关抗性的总体格局与森林环境（PERMANOVA，P <8239; 0.01）有显著差异，说明农业活动可能是植物抗性形成的重要驱动因素。二分网络分析表明，在植物微生物群中检测到的所有ARGs也存在于土壤微生物群中。总之，我们的发现提供了对植物抗逆性的更好理解，并表明土地利用是植物叶层中ARG剖面组成的一个关键因素，土壤抗逆性可能是植物相关ARG的一个关键储集层。

      The plant microbiome represents a crucial pathway for human exposure to environmental antibiotic resistance. However, little information is available regarding the plant associated resistome in human-related environments at a larger scale. Here, by high-throughput quantitative-PCR chip-based array and amplicon sequencing, we characterized antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacterial communities in plant and soil microbiomes from human highly disturbed peri-urban farmland and less disturbed forest at a watershed scale. A total of 71 ARGs were detected in the phyllosphere, which covered almost all the major recognized classes of antibiotics that are administered commonly to humans and animals. The overall pattern of the plant associated resistome in intensive anthropogenic influenced farmland was significantly different from that of forest environments (PERMANOVA, P < 0.01), indicating that agricultural activities might be important drivers in shaping the plant resistome. A bipartite network analysis suggested that all ARGs detected in the plant microbiome were also present in the soil microbiome. Together, our findings provide a better understanding of the plant resistome and suggest that land use is a key contributor to the composition of ARG profiles in the plant phyllosphere, and that the soil resistome may represent a critical reservoir of plant associated ARGs.

       https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389419310222?via%3Dihub