摘要

      城市绿地与城市居民的活动和健康密切相关。草坪草与土壤是环境微生物与人体微生物的两个主要界面，是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）通过皮肤表面接触从环境微生物向人体微生物传播的潜在途径。然而，关于ARGs在城市绿地中的流行情况以及影响其分布模式的驱动因素的信息仍不清楚。在这里，我们利用高通量定量PCR技术，对澳大利亚大墨尔本40个城市公园的草叶层和土壤中的广泛ARG进行了分析。在草叶层和土壤中分别检测到217种和218种独特的ARGs和mge，对人类和动物常用的几乎所有主要抗生素都具有耐药性。植物微生物组中含有一种核心抗性物质，占ARGs总丰度的84%以上。相反，在土壤微生物中没有发现核心抗性。植物和土壤抗性成分的差异主要是由于细菌群落结构、环境和人为影响强度的差异所致。最重要的是，城市绿地中ARGs的丰度与区域内的工业因素（包括商业总量、制造业数量、电力、天然气、水和废物服务数量）显著正相关。结构方程模型进一步揭示了产业分布是影响城市绿地ARG分布的主要因素。这些发现对缓解ARGs对城市居民造成的潜在风险具有重要意义。

       Urban green spaces are closely related to the activities and health of urban residents. Turf grass and soil are two major interfaces between the environmental and human microbiome, which represent potential pathways for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from environmental to human microbiome through skin-surface contact. However, the information regarding the prevalence of ARGs in urban green spaces and drivers in shaping their distribution patterns remain unclear. Here, we profiled a wide spectrum of ARGs in grass phyllosphere and soils from 40 urban parks across Greater Melbourne, Australia, using high throughput quantitative PCR. A total of 217 and 218 unique ARGs and MGEs were detected in grass phyllosphere and soils, respectively, conferring resistance to almost all major classes of antibiotics commonly used in human and animals. The plant microbiome contained a core resistome, which occupied >84% of the total abundance of ARGs. In contrast, no core resistome was identified in the soil microbiome. The difference between plant and soil resistome composition was attributed to the difference in bacterial community structure and intensity of environmental and anthropogenic influence. Most importantly, the abundance of ARGs in urban green spaces was significantly positively related to industrial factors including total number of business, number of manufacturing, and number of electricity, gas, water and waste services in the region. Structural equation models further revealed that industrial distribution was a major factor shaping the ARG profiles in urban green spaces after accounting for multiple drivers. These findings have important implications for mitigation of the potential risks posed by ARGs to urban residents.

        https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019321087?via%3Dihub