摘要

      土壤抗生素的污染引起了公众的广泛关注，而且抗生素对土壤非目标生物肠道菌群的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们通过将三种土壤collembolans（Sinella curviseta，Onychiurus yodai，Folsomia candida）暴露于土壤中与环境相关浓度的土霉素（OTC）中，以模拟其肠道和周围土壤微生物对OTC的响应，从而模拟自然暴露情景包括细菌群落组成的变化以及抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的多样性和丰富性。不同的collembolan物种在周围的土壤中具有不同的肠道菌群。 OTC暴露显着改变了O.yodai的肠道菌群，但并未明显影响S. curviseta或F. candida的肠道菌群。 （o）内质蝇和不动杆菌是稻麦中的两个主要分类群；前者的水平显着增加，而后者的水平则随着OTC暴露而降低。此外，OTC暴露影响了三种collembolan物种肠道菌群中ARGs的多样性和丰度，特别是与四环素抗性相关的基因，极大地增强了弯曲链球菌的ARG数量和丰度。我们的发现表明，OTC对土壤collembolans的影响是物种特异性的。这项研究有助于我们了解环境污染物对土壤动物肠道微生物组和抵抗组的影响。

       Soil antibiotic pollution has caused wide public concern, and the effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota of soil non-target organisms are poorly understood. Here, we simulate natural exposure scenarios by exposing three species of soil collembolans (Sinella curviseta, Onychiurus yodai, Folsomia candida) to environmentally relevant concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC) in the soil to explore the response of their gut and surrounding soil microbiota to OTC, including changes in the bacterial community composition and diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The different collembolan species harbored different gut microbiotas from the surrounding soil. OTC exposure significantly altered the gut microbiota of O. yodai but did not obviously affect that of S. curviseta or F. candida. (o) Entomoplasmatales and Acinetobacter were two main taxa found in O. yodai; the level of the former was significantly increased but that of the latter was reduced with OTC exposure. Moreover, OTC exposure affected the diversity and abundance of ARGs in the gut microbiota of the three collembolan species, with significantly enhanced ARG number and abundance in S. curviseta, especially for genes associated with tetracycline resistance. Our findings indicate that the effects of OTC on soil collembolans are species specific. This study contributes to our understanding of the effects of environmental pollutants on the gut microbiome and resistome of soil animals.

       https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719310733?via%3Dihub