摘要

       抗生素耐药性是目前对人类健康最大的威胁之一。全球抗生素在人类医学和农业中的过度使用导致了大量抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的增殖和传播。尽管在农业中使用了大量抗生素，但人们对这可能导致整体抗生素耐药性危机的原因知之甚少。肥料在农业上的应用是一种传统而广泛的做法，对土壤养分的恢复至关重要；然而，连续施用肥料对环境微生物和抗性的影响尚不清楚。在畜牧业中以治疗剂量和亚治疗剂量使用抗生素会对动物肠道微生物群中的精氨酸产生选择性压力，然后精氨酸会在粪便中排出。因此，在农业用地上施用有机肥是抗生素抗性细菌从牲畜传播到农作物、动物和人类的潜在途径。了解ARG富集的机理及其在植物和土壤微生物中的维持，对于减缓这种抗性在动物和人类中的传播具有重要意义。了解人类健康、动物健康、植物健康和环境之间的这一联系，对于宣传有关在农业和肥料应用中使用抗生素的新法规和做法的实施至关重要，以确保抗生素耐药性危机不会加剧。

        Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the greatest threats to human health. The global overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and in agriculture has resulted in the proliferation and dissemination of a multitude of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Despite a large proportion of antibiotics being used in agriculture, little is understood about how this may contribute to the overall antibiotic resistance crisis. The use of manure in agriculture is a traditional and widespread practice and is essential for returning nutrients to the soil; however, the impact of continuous manure application on the environmental microbiome and resistome is unknown. The use of antibiotics in animal husbandry in therapeutic and sub-therapeutic doses creates a selective pressure for ARGs in the gut microbiome of the animal, which is then excreted in the faeces. Therefore, the application of manure to agricultural land is a potential route for the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from livestock to crops, animals and humans. It is of vital importance to understand the mechanisms behind ARG enrichment and its maintenance both on the plant and within the soil microbiome to mitigate the spread of this resistance to animals and humans. Understanding this link between human health, animal health, plant health and the environment is crucial to inform implementation of new regulations and practice regarding antibiotic use in agriculture and manure application, aimed at ensuring the antibiotic resistance crisis is not aggravated.

        https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/47/1/477/106/Antibiotic-resistance-in-grass-and-soil?redirectedFrom=fulltext