摘要

      城市污水处理厂（UWTPs）是城市环境中抗生素耐药菌（ARB）、抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）和抗生素残留的主要接受者。尽管在处理过程中，人类和动物源性的细菌被去除，但有些细菌能够存活下来，在最终的废水中继续存在。这些细菌的出现，特别是含有ARGs的细菌的出现，可能会直接影响返回环境的处理废水的质量。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估三种UWTP（PT1，PT2，结果表明，三种UWTPs的细菌群落（16srrna基因启亮序列）和最终出水的精氨酸负荷均存在差异，与采样时间无关。气单胞菌科、弯曲菌科、维管菌科、[杂草科]和卟啉单胞菌科的成员与某些ARGs（blaCTX-M、blaOXA-A、blaSHV）和intI1呈显著正相关（p <0.05），而孢子囊内科则呈显著负相关。虽然气单胞菌科被认为是相关的ARG窝点，但其他细菌科可能代表与ARG宿主共存的细菌，这些细菌可能属于分析中省略的小菌群。这些发现表明了治疗期间细菌动力学对ARB和ARGs清除的重要性，这一理论基础可能有助于设计新的策略应用于UWTPs以防止抗生素耐药性的传播。

       Urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) are among the major recipients of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and antibiotic residues in urban environments. Although during treatment, bacteria of human and animal origin are removed, some are able to survive, persisting in the final effluent. The occurrence of these bacteria, especially those harboring ARGs, may have a direct impact on the quality of the treated wastewater that is returned to the environment. In this study, we aimed to assess if the final effluent bacterial communities of three UWTPs (PT1, PT2, and PT3) located next to each other were distinct and if such differences were related with the antibiotic resistance profiles.It was observed that the bacterial community (16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing) and load of selected ARGs of final effluent differed among the three UWTPs, irrespective of sampling time. Members of the families Aeromonadaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Veillonellaceae, [Weeksellaceae], and Porphyromonadaceae were observed to be positively correlated with some ARGs (bla_CTX-M, bla_OXA-A, bla_SHV) and intI1 (p < 0.05), while Intrasporangiaceae were observed to be negatively correlated. While Aeromonadaceae are recognized relevant ARG harbors, the other bacterial families may represent bacteria that co-exist with the ARG hosts, which may belong to minor bacterial groups omitted in the analyses. These findings suggest the importance of bacterial dynamics during treatment to the ARB&ARGs removal, a rationale that may contribute to design new strategies to apply in the UWTPs to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance.

       https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-019-04546-y