摘要

    我们调查了韩国休闲海滩上降雨条件下抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的发生和分布以及细菌群落的组成。使用定量实时聚合酶链反应和下一代测序分析了2018年6月和2019年5月每1〜5小时收集的海水样品。我们发现降雨和潮汐水平对总ARG和细菌操作分类单位（OTU）的相对丰度有重大影响，分别增加1.9×103和1.1×101倍。尤其是在降雨后，ARGs的升高水平可维持长达32小时。与污水相关的ARG和细菌OTU的数量增加表明，污水下水道溢流（CSO）可能是导致ARG和相关细菌群落数量和多样性增加的主要因素。对ARGs和OTU的网络分析表明，在属水平上，不动杆菌，假单胞菌和小球藻是在休闲海水中携带观察到的ARGs的主要潜在病原体。总体而言，这些发现突出了对海滩公共健康的潜在威胁，并表明需要进行更充分的监测，并加大力度减轻民间组织产生的ARG的传播。

    We investigated the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic‐resistance genes (ARGs) and the composition of a bacterial community under conditions of rainfall on a recreational beach in Korea. Seawater samples, collected every 1‒5 hours in June 2018 and May 2019, were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing. We found a substantial influence of rainfall and tidal levels on the relative abundance of total ARGs and bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which showed 1.9 × 103 and 1.1 × 101 fold increases, respectively. In particular, the elevated levels of ARGs were maintained for up to 32 hours after rainfall. An increased abundance of sewage‐related ARGs and bacterial OTUs suggested that combined sewer overflow (CSO) may be the major factor contributing to the increase in the number and diversity of ARGs and related bacterial communities. Network analysis of ARGs and OTUs indicated that, at the genus level, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Prevotella were the main potential pathogens carrying the observed ARGs in the recreational seawater. Overall, these findings highlight the potential threat to public health on beaches, and indicate the requirement for more adequate monitoring, with greater efforts to mitigate the propagation of ARGs arising from CSOs.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420315855