摘要

    由于其有害成分包括抗药性细菌（ARB），抗药性基因（ARGs）和金属抗性，因此直接将其处置于垃圾填埋场或露天垃圾场而无须进行隔离和处理的情况就引起了人们的极大关注。基因（MGEs）。从垃圾填埋场释放的渗滤液极大地影响了与农业活动和人类健康相关的土壤物理化学，生物和地下水特性。全世界都有大量的ARB，ARG和MGE，包括城市固体垃圾填埋场，畜牧业，废水，地下水，土壤和气溶胶。这项审查阐明了ARB，ARG和MRG的发生和丰富，它们被视为新兴污染物（EC）。近年来，EC受到渗滤液的广泛使用，成为对环境和公共健康的重大威胁，包括对发展中国家的经济负担，因此受到了全球的关注。本评论专门讨论了开发新颖的生态友好型管理策略以应对这些全球性问题的需求。这篇综述还对内在的讨论进行了内在的讨论，这些见解是由于大量渗滤液产生，对抗生素的耐药性（AR）丰富以及释放的渗滤液对各种环境储集层和人类健康的影响所引起的对环境和公共卫生关注的不同方面的见解。此外，当前的审查揭示了垃圾填埋场渗滤液的不同EC的来源和命运，以及它们对附近环境（地下水，地表水和土壤）的影响，这些环境影响人类健康。本综述强烈建议对未来研究的需求侧重于污染物去除效率的提高以及相关垃圾填埋场管理的改进，以减少一次性废物的潜在影响。我们建议有必要识别和监测与垃圾渗滤液污染物相关的潜在环境和人类健康风险。

    The disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) directly at landfills or open dump areas, without segregation and treatment, is a significant concern due to its hazardous contents of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and metal resistance genes (MGEs). The released leachate from landfills greatly effects the soil physicochemical, biological, and groundwater properties associated with agricultural activity and human health. The abundance of ARB, ARGs, and MGEs have been reported worldwide, including MSW landfill sites, animal husbandry, wastewater, groundwater, soil, and aerosol. This review elucidates the occurrence and abundance of ARB, ARGs, and MRGs, which are regarded as emerging contaminants (ECs). Recently, ECs have received global attention because of their prevalence in leachate as a substantial threat to environmental and public health, including an economic burden for developing nations. The present review exclusively discusses the demands to develop a novel eco-friendly management strategy to combat these global issues. This review also gives an intrinsic discussion about the insights of different aspects of environmental and public health concerns caused due to massive leachate generation, the abundance of antibiotics resistance (AR), and the effects of released leachate on the various environmental reservoirs and human health. Furthermore, the current review throws light on the source and fate of different ECs of landfill leachate and their possible impact on the nearby environments (groundwater, surface water, and soil) affecting human health. The present review strongly suggests the demand for future research focuses on the advancement of the removal efficiency of contaminants with the improvement of relevant landfill management to reduce the potential effects of disposable waste. We propose the necessity of the identification and monitoring of potential environmental and human health risks associated with landfill leachate contaminants.

    https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/4/374