摘要

    土壤是我们生态系统的重要组成部分，并作为营养源发挥着至关重要的作用，为植物和其他生物提供了栖息地。抗生素的过度使用加速了抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的发展和传播。 ARB和ARGs被公认为是新兴的环境污染物，可导致土壤污染和严重危害公共健康的风险。 ARB和ARGs通过几种途径排放到土壤中。肥料在农业中的应用是ARB和ARGs在土壤中传播的主要来源之一。对ARB和ARGs污染的不同来源以及土壤中的传播机制进行了分析。评估了ARB和ARGs对土壤细菌群落的影响。此外，分析了不同肥料来源对土壤微生物多样性的影响以及抗生素对土壤中ARB和ARGs发育的影响。调查了与ARB和ARGs在土壤中扩散有关的人类健康风险评估。最后，提出了建议和缓解策略。

    Soil is an essential part of our ecosystem and plays a crucial role as a nutrient source, provides habitat for plants and other organisms. Overuse of antibiotics has accelerated the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). ARB and ARGs are recognized as emerging environmental contaminants causing soil pollution and serious risks to public health. ARB and ARGs are discharged into soils through several pathways. Application of manure in agriculture is one of the primary sources of ARB and ARGs dissemination in the soil. Different sources of contamination by ARB and ARGs were reviewed and analyzed as well as dissemination mechanisms in the soil. The effects of ARB and ARGs on soil bacterial community were evaluated. Furthermore, the impact of different sources of manure on soil microbial diversity as well as the effect of antibiotics on the development of ARB and ARGs in soils was analyzed. Human health risk assessments associated with the spreading of ARB and ARGs in soils were investigated. Finally, recommendations and mitigation strategies were proposed.

    https://europepmc.org/article/med/33948742