摘要

    水产养殖业中抗生素的广泛使用已引起抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）污染。运用元基因组学技术来检测和分析渔业复垦开采沉陷区中ARGs的相对丰度和微生物群落结构。总共检测到29个ARG，在所有样品中bacA的相对丰度最高，达到1.96×10-5-1.19×10-4。沉积物中磺酰胺和四环素类ARGs的相对丰度较高，井水中多种药物类ARGs的相对丰度较高。变形杆菌是所有样本中最主要的细菌门，底泥中的叶绿藻和Euryarchaeota相对丰富。硫杆菌是沉积物中最主要的细菌属，不动杆菌属和假单胞菌是井水中的主要细菌属。 ARGs与微生物之间的相关性分析表明，属和ARGs主要相关程度中等，多个属与ARGs呈显着正相关。 ARGs的分布受微生物群落结构的影响。渔业复垦开采沉陷区的沉积物和井水均被ARGs污染，应加强相应的控制措施，以保护区域环境。

    The widespread use of antibiotics in the aquaculture industry has caused antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pollution. Metagenomics technology was used to detect and analyze the relative abundance of ARGs and microbial community structure in a fishery reclamation mining subsidence area. A total of 29 ARGs were detected, and bacA had the highest relative abundance in all the samples, reaching 1.96×10-5-1.19×10-4. The relative abundance of sulfonamide and tetracycline ARGs in sediments was relatively high and the relative abundance of multidrug ARGs in well water was relatively high. Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial phylum in all the samples, and Chloroflexi and Euryarchaeota were relatively abundant in the sediments. Thiobacillus was the most dominant bacterial genus in the sediments, and Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the dominant bacterial genera in the well water. The correlation analysis between the ARGs and microorganisms showed that the genera and ARGs were mainly correlated to a moderate degree, and multiple genera had significant positive correlations with ARGs. The distribution of ARGs was affected by the structure of the microbial community. The sediments and well water in the fishery reclamation mining subsidence area were both contaminated by ARGs, and corresponding control measures should be strengthened to protect the regional environment.

    https://europepmc.org/article/med/33884825