摘要

    在陆地环境中，微塑料（MPs）和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）是两类新兴的和普遍的污染物。迄今为止，MP对陆生无脊椎动物ARG发生的影响尚不确定。在这里，我们将earth暴露于用两种环境相关浓度的聚苯乙烯MP改性的土壤中，以阐明by受不同大小MP影响的worm中ARG的发生及其机理。纳米级和10 mg / kg的100 µm MPs对slightly中ARGs的产生有轻微的影响。在10 mg / kg的10 µm MPs存在下，ARGs的含量最高，而10 mg / s的MPs 100 mg / kg则显着改变了ARGs的轮廓。元基因组学测序和毒性试验表明，MPs引起毒性并影响worm中微生物群落的丰富度，从而导致ARGs的改变。蛋白质组学和代谢组学研究结果表明，100 mg / kg的10 µm MPs改变了g肠道的微环境，建立了新的体内平衡过程，从而增加了携带多种ARGs的关键细菌的丰度。这项研究强调了MP的大小依赖性毒作用及其对陆地环境中ARG转移的影响。

    Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are two classes of emerging and prevalent contaminants in terrestrial environments. To date, effects of MPs on the occurrence of ARGs in terrestrial invertebrates remain uncertain. Here we exposed earthworms to a soil amended with polystyrene MPs at two environmentally relevant concentrations to elucidate the occurrence and mechanisms of ARGs in earthworms impacted by MPs with different sizes. Nano-size and 10 mg/kg of 100 µm MPs slightly affected the occurrence of ARGs in earthworms. Highest abundance of ARGs was found in the presence of 10 mg/kg of 10 µm MPs, whereas 100 mg/kg of 10 µm MPs significantly changed the profile of ARGs. Metagenomics sequencing and toxicity tests indicated that MPs caused toxicity and influenced the abundance of microbial community in earthworms, resulting in the changes of ARGs. Results of proteomics and metabolomics demonstrated that 100 mg/kg of 10 µm MPs changed the microenvironment of earthworm gut, built a new homeostatic process, and thus increased the abundance of key bacterial that carried a variety of ARGs. This study highlights the size-dependent toxic effects of MPs and their impacts on the transfer of ARGs in terrestrial environments.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389421008116