摘要

    垃圾渗滤液是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和微塑料（MPs）的重要储存库。然而，很少研究ARGs在MPs上的富集特性以及MPs的存在对周围渗滤液中ARGs的影响。因此，我们调查了围绕聚苯乙烯MPs，围绕MPs的渗滤液和对照（没有MPs的渗滤液）中ARGs，移动遗传元件（MGEs），细菌群落和病原体的差异。结果表明，ARGs在MPs上选择性富集，这在三种类型的渗滤液环境中相似。在实验的60天中，strB和blaTEM基因最大程度地富集，而mefA，ermB，tetM和tetQ在MP上略有富集，并且ARGs富集程度随时间增加。此外，与浸出液相比，MPs的MGEs含量较高，并且具有明显的细菌群落，两者均与MPs的ARGs密切相关。与浸出液相比，MPs上的病原体明显不同且含量更高，并且确定了11种病原体是MPs上ARGs的潜在宿主。此外，MPs（500 mg / L）的存在在60天之内几乎没有引起MP周围渗滤液中ARGs丰度，MGEs丰度和细菌群落的变化。总体而言，这项研究表明，国会议员可以有选择地从周围环境中富集ARG和病原体，这促进了对国会议员和ARGs的综合污染特性的了解。

    Landfill leachate is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics (MPs). However, the enrichment characteristics of ARGs on MPs and the effect of MPs' presence on ARGs in surrounding leachates are little studied. Therefore, we investigated the differences of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), bacterial communities and pathogens on polystyrene MPs, in MPs-surrounding leachate and in control (leachate with the absence of MPs). The results revealed that ARGs were selectively enriched on MPs, which was similar in three types of leachate environments. The genes strB and blaTEM were maximally enriched and mefA, ermB, tetM and tetQ were slightly enriched on MPs, and the degree of ARGs enrichment increased with time during the 60 days of the experiment. Furthermore, compared to the leachate, MPs were observed to have the higher abundances of MGEs and distinct bacterial communities, both of which were closely associated with ARGs on MPs. Pathogens were distinct and more abundant on MPs compared to that in leachate, and 11 pathogens were identified as potential hosts for ARGs on MPs. Additionally, the presence of MPs (500 mg/L) induced few changes in ARGs' abundances, MGEs' abundances and bacterial communities in MP-surrounding leachate within 60 days. Overall, this study suggested that MPs could selectively enrich ARGs and pathogens from the surrounding environments, which promoted the understanding of the combined pollution properties of MPs and ARGs.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004896972036304X