摘要

    额外的废水处理，例如人工湿地（CW），是减少抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）从家庭和工业向环境排放的一种可能的解决方案。这项研究旨在调查在不同的水力停留时间（HRT）（即1天和3天）运行的两个全尺寸CW产生和清除抗生素和ARG的情况。两家CW都接收相同的废水处理厂（WWTP）废水。对水和沉积物进行了时间和空间分布的采样，为期一年，并使用LC-MS / MS和qPCR分析了样品中的抗生素和ARGs。结果表明，根据抗生素的类型，两个化学武器均能显着去除抗生素，总体去除率为28％–100％。但是，某些抗生素在连续波治疗后显示出较高的浓度。冬季，五种抗生素（头菌素，泰乐菌素，土霉素，磺胺甲基异恶唑和甲氧苄啶）最丰富（平均> 1500 ng / l）。同时，与夏季（平均3.5 log）相比，冬季的ermB最丰富（平均5.0 log）。在冬季和夏季之间，其他ARGs均未显示出明显的增加或减少。从废水中去除了0.8至1.5 log的ARGs。 HRT不会影响抗生素或ARG的去除。发现sul基因和intI1之间有很强的相关性。结果还显示了从采样点1到采样点5的正相关和负相关：抗生素，ARG的含量与NO3-N，NH4-N，TP，COD的含量之间呈正相关，而抗生素，ARG之间呈负相关。和温度。这种关系显示了抗生素和ARGs浓度与理化参数和养分之间的关系。污水处理厂减少向环境中输入微污染物的能力使污水处理厂成为污水处理厂的潜在后处理方法。

    Additional treatment of wastewater, such as constructed wetlands (CWs), is a possible solution to reduce the discharge of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from households and industry to the environment. This study aims to investigate the occurrence and removal of antibiotics and ARGs by two full scale CWs operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRT), namely 1 day and 3 days. Both CWs were receiving the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. Temporally and spatially distributed sampling of water and sediment was conducted for one year and samples were analyzed for antibiotics and ARGs by using LC-MS/MS and qPCR. Results showed that both CWs removed antibiotics significantly with a comparable overall removal of 28%–100%, depending on the type of antibiotics. However, some of the antibiotics showed higher concentration after the CW treatment. Five antibiotics (tiamulin, tylosin, oxytetracycline, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) were the most abundant (>1500 ng/l on average) in winter. Meanwhile, ermB was the most abundant (average of 5.0 log) in winter compared to summer (average of 3.5 log). Other ARGs did not show a significant increase or decrease between winter and summer. ARGs were removed from the wastewater by 0.8 to 1.5 log. The HRT did not influence the removal of either the antibiotics or the ARGs. A strong correlation was found between sul genes and intI1. The results also revealed a positive and a negative relationship from sampling point 1 to sampling point 5: a positive relation between abundance of antibiotics, ARGs, and of NO3–N, NH4–N, TP, COD and a negative relation between antibiotics, ARGs and temperature. This relationship showed the effect between antibiotics and ARGs concentrations with physicochemical parameters and nutrients. The ability of CWs to reduce the input of micropollutants into the environment makes CWs a potential post treatment to WWTP.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721024396