摘要

    生活在城市河流系统中的动物在传播微生物组和抗生素耐药性方面发挥着关键作用，这对公共卫生构成了强大的威胁。这项研究提供了sharp鱼（Hemiculter leucisculus）的微生物群和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）以及the河沿岸五个地点的周围水域的全面概况。结果表明，变形杆菌，硬毛菌和梭状芽胞杆菌是白水准杆菌肠道中的优势细菌。随着水污染的加剧，鱼肠的细菌生物量显着下降，而变形杆菌的比例最终成为最主要的门。为了用结构方程模型（SEM）量化影响因素对肠道微生物组模式的贡献，已确认水细菌是扰动鱼类肠道微生物组的最大压力源。 SourceTracker模型表明，生活环境的恶化促进了水病原体向鱼类肠道生态环境的入侵。此外，白喉肠是坝河中重要的ARGs储集层，相对丰度可达9.86×10-1 /份。在ARG中，检测到四环素和喹诺酮抗性基因占优势。外部环境的恶化引起了ARGs在鱼肠中的积累。 I类肠道整合子，环境中的重金属残留物和肠道细菌被确定为白带菌肠道ARGs谱的主要驱动力。对ARGs和细菌宿主之间的SEM和共现模式的分析表明，I类整合子和细菌群落在ARGs通过水-鱼途径传播中起着至关重要的作用。总的来说，这项研究强调了水污染对水生动物的微生物组和ARGs的危害，并为更好地了解城市河流生态系统中细菌和ARGs的传播提供了新的视角。

    Animals living in urban river systems play critical roles in the dissemination of microbiome and antibiotic resistance that poses a strong threat to public health. This study provides a comprehensive profile of microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) and the surrounding water from five sites along the Ba River. Results showed Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were the dominant bacteria in gut of H. leucisculus. With the aggravation of water pollution, bacterial biomass of fish gut significantly decreased and the proportion of Proteobacteria increased to become the most dominant phylum eventually. To quantify the contributions of influential factors on patterns of gut microbiome with structural equation model (SEM), water bacteria were confirmed to be the most stressors to perturb fish gut microbiome. SourceTracker model indicated that deteriorating living surroundings facilitated the invasion of water pathogens to fish gut eco-environments. Additionally, H. leucisculus gut is an important reservoir of ARGs in Ba River with relative abundance up to 9.86 × 10−1/copies. Among the ARGs, tetracycline and quinolone resistance genes were detected in dominant abundance. Deterioration of external environments elicited the accumulation of ARGs in fish gut. Intestinal class I integron, environmental heavy metal residues and gut bacteria were identified as key drivers of intestinal ARGs profiles in H. leucisculus. Analysis of SEM and co-occurrence patterns between ARGs and bacterial hosts indicated that class I integron and bacterial community played vital roles in ARGs transmission through water-fish pathway. In general, this study highlighted hazards of water contamination to microbiome and ARGs in aquatic animals and provided a new perspective to better understand the bacteria and ARGs dissemination in urban river ecosystems.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026974912036485X