摘要

    水污染是主要挑战和水危机之一，由于污染导致现有水资源无法使用。为了了解决定抗生素抗性基因（ARG）分布和数量的决定因素，我们研究了伊朗六个湖泊和湿地中22种ARG的分布与栖息地类型，重金属污染和抗生素浓度的关系。通过Thermo Electron Corporation的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）确定13种重金属的浓度，并通过在线富集和三重四极杆LC-MS / MS研究了5种抗生素。与我们研究的湖泊相比，我们进一步进行了全球荟萃分析，以评估ARG在全球湖泊中的分布。尽管生境类型的影响可以忽略不计，但我们发现向湖中排放的废物与大量的ARGs之间存在很强的相关性。 ARGs的丰度与重金属（例如钒）的浓度之间的相关性强于与抗生素的相关性。我们的荟萃分析还证实，在所研究的湖泊中，抗生素的过度使用和重金属的排放。这些数据表明，细菌中ARGs的分布增加，并且它们对各种抗生素的抵抗力增强，这意味着水生环境容易受到工业污染的影响。

    Water pollution is one of the main challenges and water crises, which has caused the existing water resources to be unusable due to contamination. To understand the determinants of the distribution and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), we examined the distribution of 22 ARGs in relation to habitat type, heavy metal pollution and antibiotics concentration across six lakes and wetlands of Iran. The concentration of 13 heavy metals was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) by Thermo Electron Corporation, and five antibiotics by online enrichment and triple-quadrupole LC-MS/MS were investigated. We further performed a global meta-analysis to evaluate the distribution of ARGs across global lakes compared with our studied lakes. While habitat type effect was negligible, we found a strong correlation between waste discharge into the lakes and the abundance of ARGs. The ARGs abundance showed stronger correlation with the concentration of heavy metals, such as Vanadium, than with that of antibiotics. Our meta-analysis also confirmed that overuse of antibiotics and discharge of heavy metals in the studied lakes. These data point to an increase in the distribution of ARGs among bacteria and their increasing resistance to various antibiotics, implying the susceptibility of aquatic environment to industrial pollution.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749121001470