摘要

    叶球被认为是自然和人为选择的抗微生物耐药基因（ARG）向人类转移的关键部位。因此，绿色建筑系统的发展可能为ARGs和病原体从环境向室外植物的转移提供了一条尚未探索的途径。我们从爬上地面1、2、4和15 m的建筑物的植物中收集叶子，并从相邻的窗台收集相关的灰尘样品，以确定微生物群和ARGs的多样性和相对丰度。总体而言，共检测到来自11个主要类别的143个ARG和18个流动遗传元件（MGE）。叶绿体中ARG的相对丰度随地上高度的增加而降低。快速期望最大化微生物源跟踪（FEAST）表明土壤和气溶胶对叶环微生物组的贡献是有限的。一种从植物组织中分离细菌的依赖文化的方法，从根，茎和叶样品以及从叶中分离出的内生菌共鉴定了91个属。在这些细菌中，代表9属的20种分离株是已知的人类致病成员。来自依赖于培养物和不依赖于培养物的方法的共有细菌表明，微生物可能通过内生机制从土壤转移到植物，因此，ARG和人类病原体从室外环境转移的潜力很明显。

    The phyllosphere is considered a key site for the transfer of both naturally and anthropogenically selected antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) to humans. Consequently, the development of green building systems may pose an, as yet, unexplored pathway for ARGs and pathogens to transfer from the environment to outdoor plants. We collected leaves from plants climbing up buildings at 1, 2, 4 and 15 m above ground level and collected associated dust samples from adjacent windowsills to determine the diversity and relative abundance of microbiota and ARGs. Overall, a total of 143 ARGs from 11 major classes and 18 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected. The relative abundance of ARGs within the phyllosphere decreased with increasing height above ground level. Fast expectation–maximization microbial source tracking (FEAST) suggested that the contribution of soil and aerosols to the phyllosphere microbiome was limited. A culture-dependent method to isolate bacteria from plant tissues identified a total of 91 genera from root, stem, and leaf samples as well as endophytes isolated from leaves. Of those bacteria, 20 isolates representing 9 genera were known human pathogenic members to humans. Shared bacterial from culture-dependent and culture-independent methods suggest microorganisms may move from soil to plant, potentially through an endophytic mechanism and thus, there is a clear potential for movement of ARGs and human pathogens from the outdoor environment.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021001276