摘要

    饮用水资源中经常检测到包括抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）在内的新兴污染物。本研究探讨了江苏省代表性饮用水源中各种环境基质中抗生素和ARGs的发生情况及其影响因素。选择了苏北，中部和南部的五个有代表性的饮用水源。分别于2018年12月和2019年6月在每种水资源的取水口附近收集水，表面沉积物和上石器质生物膜样品。测量了10种抗生素，1个整合酶基因intl1和7种常见ARG的浓度和丰度。结果表明，与先前在中国和世界其他地方报道的数据相比，目标抗生素和ARGs的浓度相对较低。在所有水源中均检测到目标抗生素。水，表面沉积物和表层生物膜中磺酰胺的浓度分别为未发现（NF）至37.4 ng·L-1，NF至47.3 ng·g-1和NF至3759.1 ng·g-1。三种基质中的喹诺酮浓度分别为NF-5.3 ng·L-1、0.4-32.5 ng·g-1和NF-4220.9 ng·g-1。 sul 1，sul2，tetW和tetQ的ARGs的检出率为100％，其中磺酰胺sul1和sul2的丰度最高。三种基质中sul1的绝对丰度分别为2.48×106拷贝·L-1、3.54×107拷贝·g-1和1.44×109拷贝·g-1。沉积物和上石器质生物膜中ARGs的含量可比，并且比水体中的含量高得多。拟杆菌，变形杆菌，菌毛，拟杆菌和放线菌已被证明是ARGs的潜在宿主，并可能在抗性基因的传播和扩散中发挥重要作用。本研究为江苏省饮用水源中抗生素和ARGs的存在提供了基线信息，为ARGs的污染控制和饮用水资源安全指南提供了重要的理论依据。

    Emerging contaminants including antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been frequently detected in drinking water resources. In this study, the occurrence of antibiotics and ARGs in various environmental matrices in representative drinking water sources in Jiangsu Province and their influencing factors were explored. Five representative drinking water sources in northern, central, and southern Jiangsu were selected. Water, surface sediment, and epilithic biofilm samples were harvested near the water intakes of each water resource in December 2018 and June 2019. The concentrations and abundances of ten antibiotics, one integrase gene intl1, and seven common ARGs were measured. The results suggest that the concentrations of the target antibiotics and ARGs are relatively low compared to previously reported data in China and elsewhere in the world. The target antibiotics were detected in all of the water sources. The concentrations of sulfonamides in the water, surface sediment, and epilithic biofilm ranged from not found (NF) to 37.4 ng·L-1, NF to 47.3 ng·g-1, and NF to 3759.1 ng·g-1, respectively; the concentrations of quinolones in three matrices were NF-5.3 ng·L-1, 0.4-32.5 ng·g-1, and NF-4220.9 ng·g-1, respectively. The detection rates of the ARGs including sul 1, sul2, tetW, and tetQ were 100%, among which the sulfonamides sul1 and sul2 showed the highest abundance. The absolute abundances of sul1 in the three matrices were 2.48×106 copies·L-1, 3.54×107 copies·g-1, and 1.44×109 copies·g-1, respectively. The abundances of ARGs in the sediments and epilithic biofilms were comparable, and were much higher than in the water body. The phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteris, Firmicutes, Verrucobacteria, and Actinomycetes have proven potential hosts for ARGs and might play an important role in the transmission and diffusion of resistance genes. This study offers baseline information on the presence of antibiotics and ARGs in the drinking water sources of Jiangsu Province, providing a significant theoretical basis for ARGs pollution control and safety guidelines for drinking water resources.

    https://europepmc.org/article/med/33742869