摘要

    抗菌素耐药性是一种普遍现象，对人类的生存构成巨大威胁。 由于不加限制地使用抗生素，抗菌素耐药基因（AMR）几乎遍布各地，包括陆地表面和水体。 为了有效监测环境中的此类基因； 需要组织提高认识和监视计划，以寻找替代方法，以最大程度地减少进一步的环境污染风险。 本章重点介绍环境中的抗生素抗药性，造成其猖spread传播的主要驱动因素，以及目前在全球范围内采用哪些行动计划来管理抗药性。 在这方面，与在牲畜中使用抗菌素有关的伦理前景至关重要，需要探索寻找替代策略来解决当前问题的道德前景。

    Antimicrobial resistance is a widespread phenomenon that poses a great threat to the survival of mankind. Due to the unregulated use of antibiotics, the antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRs) have spread almost everywhere, including land surface and water bodies. For the effective monitoring of such genes in the environment; awareness and surveillance programs need to be organized for finding alternatives to minimize the risk of further environmental contamination. The chapter focuses on the introduction of antibiotic resistance in the environment, its key drivers that are responsible for its rampant spread, and which action programs are currently employed for the management of the resistance across the globe. The ethical prospects related to the use of antimicrobials in livestock is of critical importance in this regard, and need to be explored to find alternative strategies to tackle the problem at hand.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128188828000188