摘要

   食物残渣是可与临床病原体交换的重要的抗生素抗性基因（ARG）和抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）的库。但是，与食物垃圾有关的长期分解中抗生素抗性的变化已被忽略。在这里，我们评估了ARG的综合概况及其与微生物群落的关系，并解释了其可能随家庭垃圾分解而变化。在肉类，蔬菜和水果废物中，分别平均检测到128种，150种和91种ARG，其中以多药和四环素为主要ARG类型。在废物发酵的初始阶段，ARG的丰度显着增加，然后下降。可能由于肉类中ARGs的相对丰度高而解释了高含量的大肠杆菌属，拟杆菌属，Peptoniphilus，Peptostreptococcus，而Advenella，Prevotella和Soloolo菌的高丰度归因于蔬菜中ARGs的多样性。在挥发性有机化合物，流动遗传元件和ARGs之间观察到显着相关性，这表明它们可能有助于ARGs的转移和运输。网络分析表明，aph（2'）-Id-01，acrA-05，tetO-1是潜在的ARG指标，而Hathewaya，副梭菌和原核科则可能是ARGs的宿主。我们的工作可能会揭示食物残渣分解对环境中ARGs的发展和传播的影响的强调机制，以及缓解ARG的线索。

   Food wastes are significant reservoir of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) available for exchange with clinical pathogens. However, food wastes-related changes of antibiotic resistance in long-period decomposition have been overlooked. Here, we evaluated the comprehensive ARG profile and its association with microbial communities, explained how this might vary with household garbage decomposition. Average of 128, 150 and 91 ARGs were detected in meat, vegetable and fruit wastes, respectively, with multidrug and tetracycline as the predominant ARG types. ARG abundance significantly increased at initial stage of waste fermentation and then decreased. High abundance of Eubacterium-coprostanoligenes, Sporanaerobacter, Peptoniphilus, Peptostreptococcus might be explained for the high relative abundance of ARGs in meat, while high abundance of Advenella, Prevotella, Solobacterium was attributed to the high diversity of ARGs in vegetables. Significant correlations were observed among volatile organic compounds, mobile genetic elements and ARGs, implying that they might contribute to transfer and transport of ARGs. Network analysis revealed that aph(2′)-Id-01, acrA-05, tetO-1 were potential ARG indicators, while Hathewaya, Paraclostridium and Prevotellaceae were possible hosts of ARGs. Our work might unveil underlining mechanism of the effects of food wastes decomposition on development and spread of ARGs in environment and also clues to ARG mitigation.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420309626