摘要

    废水处理厂拥有大量的抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）。这项研究的目的是使用宏基因组学技术分析制药和化学废水处理厂中的ARB和ARG。分类注释的结果表明，细菌是主要区域。最丰富的门和属分别是Proteobacteria和Hyphomicrobium。使用CARD预测了74种ARG，其中最主要的类型是SAV 1866，DFRE和MFD。此外，进行了网络分析，以调查ARG和微生物分类单元之间的共现模式。发现ARGs在属水平上与微生物分类群高度相关。关于抗生素抗性机制，抗生素特异性外排泵似乎是最常见的机制。其中，耐药结节性细胞分裂（RND）是主要类型。该微生物群落最重要的功能途径是代谢相关。有趣的是，有许多与人类疾病有关的基因，其中以细菌感染性疾病为主要基因。一方面，这些数据进一步证实了制药和化学废水处理厂富含ARB和ARG。 ARGs的积累增加了潜在的环境风险，因此有必要在制药和化学废水处理厂中加强对ARB和ARGs的主动监控。另一方面，对ARB和ARG的研究为选择有效去除ARB和ARG的深度加工技术提供了重要信息。 
Fèishuǐ chǔlǐ chǎng yǒngyǒu dàliàng de kàngsh

    Wastewater treatment plants hold a vast pool of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The aim of this study is to analyze the ARB and ARGs in a pharmaceutical and chemical wastewater treatment plant using a metagenomic technique. The results of taxonomic annotation revealed that bacteria were the predominant domain. The most abundant phyla and genus was Proteobacteria and Hyphomicrobium, respectively. A total of 74 categories of ARGs were predicted using CARD with the most dominant types being sav 1866, dfrE, and mfd. Furthermore, a network analysis was conducted to investigate the co-occurrence patterns between ARGs and microbial taxa. ARGs were found to be highly connected to microbial taxa at the genus level. With respect to the antibiotic resistance mechanisms, antibiotic-specific efflux pumps appeared to be the most common mechanisms. Among these, resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) was the major type. The most important functional pathway of this microbial community was metabolic correlation. Interestingly, there were many genes related to human diseases, among which bacterial infectious diseases were the main ones. On the one hand, these data further confirmed that pharmaceutical and chemical wastewater treatment plants are rich in ARB and ARGs. The accumulation of ARGs increases the potential environmental risks, and hence it is necessary to strengthen the active monitoring of ARB and ARGs in pharmaceutical and chemical wastewater treatment plants. On the other hand, research on ARB and ARGs offers important information for the selection of deep processing technology to effectively remove ARB and ARGs.

    https://europepmc.org/article/med/31854932