摘要

    文献中对农村环境中的抗生素抗性基因（ARG）进行了较差的描述。在这项研究中，使用高通量定量聚合酶链反应研究了长江上游流域典型丘陵地区地表水，土壤和沉积物中ARGs的多样性，丰度和分布，以及它们与化学物质的关系。分析样品的性质。在三种介质中，ARGs的多样性和丰度没有显着差异，而沉积物中ARGs的分布模式与地表水明显不同。根据通过网络分析获得的ARGs亚型的共现模式，可以使用blaOXA10-02，blaPSE，lnuB-02和qacEΔ1-01估算研究区域内总ARGs的相对丰度。似乎沉积物中ARGs的流行是由水平基因转移（HGT）和垂直基因转移共同促进的，而它们在地表水和土壤中的扩散分别由生物源元素和HGT的供给促进。流动遗传元素（MGEs）丰富并且在所有样本中都被检测到，并且它们的丰度与ARGs的显着正相关，这意味着不应忽略ARGs在农村环境中向其他细菌和病原体的潜在水平转移

    Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in rural environments have been poorly characterized in the literature. In this study, the diversity, abundance, and distribution of ARGs in surface waters, soils, and sediments of a typical hilly rural area in the Upper Yangtze River watershed were investigated using the high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and their relationships with chemical properties of the samples were analyzed. No significant differences in the diversity and abundance of ARGs were observed among the three medium types while the ARG distribution pattern in the sediments was obviously different from that of the surface waters. According to the co-occurrence pattern of ARGs subtypes obtained by network analysis, blaOXA10-02, blaPSE, lnuB-02, and qacEΔ1-01 can be used to estimate the relative abundance of total ARGs for the study area. It appeared that the prevalence of ARGs in the sediments was promoted by the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and vertical gene transfer together, while their spread in the surface waters and soils were facilitated by the supply of biogenic elements and HGT, respectively. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were abundant and detected in all samples, and their abundance was significantly and positively correlated with that of ARGs, implying that the potential horizontal transfer of ARGs to other bacteria and pathogens in rural environments should not be overlooked.

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-020-09287-x