摘要

        在冬天和夏天两个典型的猪废水处理系统中研究了抗生素抗性基因（ARG）（包括四环素抗性基因（tetG，tetM和tetX）和大环内酯（ermB，ermF，ereA和mefA））的季节变化和去除效率。使用实时聚合酶链式反应检测ARGs，1类整合子基因和16S rRNA基因。原猪废水中ARGs的变异系数为0.31-3.52 log，冬季ARGs丰度高于夏季。 tetM，tetX，ermB，ermF和mefA含量丰富。大多数单个处理过程有效降低了ARG的丰度，冬季ARG的去除效率高于夏季。但是，在考察相对丰富度时，ARG是相当多变的。厌氧消化降低了tetX，ermB，ermF和mefA的相对丰度，而泻湖处理降低了tetM，ermB，ermF和mefA的相对丰度。测序批式反应器（SBR）降低了tetM，ermB和ermF，但生物滤池和湿地对ARG的去除效率在两个取样季节并不一致。就整个处理系统而言，ermB和mefA在冬季和夏季的总量和相对丰度上都得到有效降低。 tetG和ereA的相对丰度与intI1显着相关（p <0.01），废水处理后tetG和ereA均增加。这可能会对公共健康造成很大的威胁。

        The seasonal variation and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM, and tetX) and macrolide (ermB, ermF, ereA, andmefA), were investigated in two typical swine wastewater treatment systems in both winter and summer. ARGs, class 1 integron gene, and 16S rRNA gene were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. There was a 0.31–3.52 log variation in ARGs in raw swine wastewater, and the abundance of ARGs in winter was higher than in summer. tetM, tetX,ermB, ermF, and mefA were highly abundant. The abundance of ARGs was effectively reduced by most individual treatment process and the removal efficiencies of ARGs were higher in winter than in summer. However, when examining relative abundance, the fate of ARGs was quite variable. Anaerobic digestion reduced the relative abundance of tetX, ermB, ermF, andmefA, while lagoon treatment decreased tetM, ermB, ermF, and mefA. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) decreased tetM, ermB, and ermF, but biofilters and wetlands did not display consistent removal efficiency on ARGs in two sampling seasons. As far as the entire treatment system is concerned, ermB and mefA were effectively reduced in both winter and summer in both total and relative abundance. The relative abundances of tetG and ereA were significantly correlated with intI1 (p < 0.01), and both tetG and ereA increased after wastewater treatment. This may pose a great threat to public health.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-015-5891-7