摘要

抗生素的过度使用和误用会促进抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的出现，并对人类健康和生态环境构成潜在风险。本研究首次对水、底泥和污水处理厂（STP）出水中的 15 种抗生素及其相应的 ARG 进行了分析，以研究它们在长江（江苏段）中的发生和相关性。红霉素-H2O（EM-H2O）（2.08-30ngL-1）和氧氟沙星（OFL）（290-8400ngkg-1）的浓度分别在水和沉积物中最高，EM-H2O和克拉霉素 (CLA) 对水生生物构成的风险最高。 STP 流出物中抗生素的浓度显着高于（p<0.05）水中的浓度。诺氟沙星 (NOR) 是最主要的抗生素，在 STP 中去除效率低 (-38%-51%)； STP 流出物中 NOR 的浓度比水中的浓度高 4-6 个数量级。此外，下游抗生素浓度及其相应的 ARG 丰度高于上游，表明高浓度 STP 可能是河流污染的重要来源。此外，在污水处理过程后，抗生素的浓度和 ARG 的丰度可能会增加。结果还显示了所有采样点中 sul1 和 sul2 的流行。在 int1 和 sul1 和 sul2 之间检测到显着相关性 (p<0.0001)，这是由于 int1 对 ARG 传播的贡献。总体而言，本研究证明了长江（江苏段）抗生素和ARGs的流行及其不一致的相关性，为进一步调查抗生素和ARGs的发生和传播提供了支持。

  The overuse and misuse of antibiotics could promote the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pose a potential risk to human health and the ecological environment. In this study, fifteen antibiotics and their corresponding ARGs in water, sediment and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent were analysed to investigate their occurrence and correlation in the Yangtze River (Jiangsu section) for the first time. The concentrations of erythromycin-H2O (EM-H2O) (2.08–30 ng L−1) and ofloxacin (OFL) (290–8400 ng kg−1) were the highest in the water and sediment, respectively, and EM-H2O and clarithromycin (CLA) posed the highest risks to aquatic organisms. The concentrations of antibiotics in STP effluent were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the water. Norfloxacin (NOR) was the most predominant antibiotic, with low removal efficiency (−38%-51%), in STPs; the concentration of NOR in the STP effluent was 4–6 orders of magnitude higher than that in the water. Moreover, the concentrations of antibiotics and their corresponding ARG abundance in downstream were higher than those in upstream, suggesting that STPs with high concentration levels might be an important source of river contamination. Additionally, the concentrations of antibiotics and the abundance of ARGs might increase after the sewage treatment process. The results also showed the prevalence of sul1 and sul2 in all the sampling sites. Significant correlations (p < 0.0001) were detected between int1 and sul1 and sul2, which resulted from the contribution of int1 to the propagation of ARGs. Overall, this study demonstrated the prevalence of antibiotics and ARGs and their inconsistent correlations in the Yangtze

  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749119345257