摘要

  该研究通过 qPCR 量化了来自德国 23 个不同废水处理厂 (WWTP) 废水的抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和兼性致病菌 (FPB) 的丰度以及基因组 DNA 中的一种移动遗传元件。 12 种临床相关的 ARG 被分类为公共废水的频繁发生、中间发生和很少发生的遗传参数。对五种 FPB 靶向大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和肠球菌进行分类学 PCR 定量。污水处理厂的不同之处在于它们的集水区仅受医院、食品加工公司或住宅区的影响。发现分析的 ARGs 和 FPB 的总排放量与污水处理厂的大小无关，一个集群内的最大差异为两个日志单位。最初，定量数据评估显示 ARG 类别和污水处理厂集水区之间没有显着差异。使用 Pearson 相关方法，更明显的相关性变得明显，其中将每个单个分类标记与每个 ARG 目标进行比较。在这里，在 WWTP 废水中发现 FPB（即大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肠球菌）与临床相关 ARG 的相关性增加，这些 ARG 属于罕见的抗性基因（blaNDM-1、vanA）类别。医院废水。

  The study quantified the abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and facultative pathogenic bacteria (FPB) as well as one mobile genetic element in genomic DNA via qPCR from 23 different wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in Germany. 12 clinically relevant ARGs were categorized into frequently, intermediately, and rarely occurring genetic parameters of communal wastewaters. Taxonomic PCR quantifications of five FPB targeting Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and enterococci were performed. The WWTPs differed in their catchment areas being impacted by hospitals, food processing companies, or housing areas only. The total discharges of the analyzed ARGs and FPB were found to cluster independently of the sizes of the WWTPs with a maximum difference of two log units within one cluster. Initially, quantitative data evaluations revealed no significant difference between ARG categories and WWTP catchment areas. More distinct correlations became obvious with a Pearson correlation approach, where each single taxonomic marker is compared to each ARG target. Here, increased correlation of FPB (i.e. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and enterococci) with clinically relevant ARGs of the category of rarely occurring resistance genes (blaNDM-1, vanA) was found in WWTP effluents being influenced by hospital wastewaters.

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-65635-4