摘要

  植物微生物组代表了人类暴露于环境抗生素耐药性的关键途径。然而，在更大规模的人类相关环境中，关于植物相关抗性组的信息很少。在这里，通过基于高通量定量 PCR 芯片的阵列和扩增子测序，我们在流域尺度上表征了来自人类高度干扰的城郊农田和较少干扰的森林的植物和土壤微生物组中的抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和细菌群落。在叶际共检测到 71 种 ARG，涵盖了几乎所有公认的主要用于人类和动物的抗生素类别。集约化人为影响农田中植物相关抗性组的总体模式与森林环境显着不同（PERMANOVA， P <0.01），表明农业活动可能是形成植物抗性组的重要驱动因素。二分网络分析表明，在植物微生物组中检测到的所有 ARGs 也存在于土壤微生物组中。总之，我们的研究结果提供了对植物抗性组的更好理解，并表明土地利用是植物叶际中 ARG 谱组成的关键因素，并且土壤抗性组可能代表植物相关 ARG 的关键库。

  The plant microbiome represents a crucial pathway for human exposure to environmental antibiotic resistance. However, little information is available regarding the plant associated resistome in human-related environments at a larger scale. Here, by high-throughput quantitative-PCR chip-based array and amplicon sequencing, we characterized antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacterial communities in plant and soil microbiomes from human highly disturbed peri-urban farmland and less disturbed forest at a watershed scale. A total of 71 ARGs were detected in the phyllosphere, which covered almost all the major recognized classes of antibiotics that are administered commonly to humans and animals. The overall pattern of the plant associated resistome in intensive anthropogenic influenced farmland was significantly different from that of forest environments (PERMANOVA, P < 0.01), indicating that agricultural activities might be important drivers in shaping the plant resistome. A bipartite network analysis suggested that all ARGs detected in the plant microbiome were also present in the soil microbiome. Together, our findings provide a better understanding of the plant resistome and suggest that land use is a key contributor to the composition of ARG profiles in the plant phyllosphere, and that the soil resistome may represent a critical reservoir of plant associated ARGs.

  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389419310222