摘要

       比较猪粪堆肥过程中土霉素 (OTC)、磺胺嘧啶 (SM1)、环丙沙星 (CIP) 和相关抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的动态变化使用这些药物 (TS)。 TD处理中OTC（94.9%）和CIP（87.8%）的堆肥去除率显着高于TS处理中OTC（83.8%，P < 0.01）和CIP（83.9%，P < 0.05），而SM1在两种处理之间没有表现出显着差异（P > 0.05）。堆肥有效地减少了 TD 和 TS 类型粪便中的大部分 ARG，尤其是四环素抗性基因 (TRG)。与 TS 处理相比，一些 ARGs，如 tetG、qepA、sul1 和 sul2 的丰度在 TD 处理中显着增加了 309 倍。由于抗生素喂养，堆肥系统的微生物组成在堆肥过程中发生了显着变化。冗余分析表明，在猪粪堆肥过程中，ARGs 的丰度对物理化学参数（C/N、pH 和温度）和细菌群落（放线菌、变形菌和厚壁菌）的改变有相当大的影响。

      The dynamics of oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamerazine (SM1), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during swine manure composting were compared between manure collected from swine fed a diet containing these three antibiotics (TD) and manure directly spiked with these drugs (TS). The composting removal efficiency of OTC (94.9 %) and CIP (87.8 %) in the TD treatment was significantly higher than that of OTC (83.8 %, P <  0.01) and CIP (83.9 %, P <  0.05) in the TS treatment, while SM1 exhibited no significant difference (P >  0.05) between the two treatments. Composting effectively reduced the majority of ARGs in both TD and TS types of manure, especially tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs). Compared with the TS treatment, the abundance of some ARGs, such as tetG, qepA, sul1 and sul2, increased dramatically up to 309-fold in the TD treatment. The microbial composition of the composting system changed significantly during composting due to antibiotic feeding. Redundancy analysis suggested that the abundance of ARGs had a considerable impact on alterations in the physicochemical parameters (C/N, pH and temperature) and bacterial communities (Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes) during the composting of swine manure.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420316964