粪便中抗生素残留对微生物群落的潜在负面影响、代谢产物和抗生素抗性基因( ARGs )释放到自然界以及厌氧消化( AD )系统中能量回收的损失，是粪便中抗生素残留研究的热点之一。研究了牛粪厌氧消化过程中不同操作条件与土霉素( OTC )生物降解及其代谢产物和ARG形成的关系。采用实时定量PCR技术对微生物群落和ARG进行检测。采用紫外-高效液相色谱( UV - HPLC )和液相色谱/质谱( LC / MS / MS )分别测定了OTC的生物降解和代谢产物的发生。在AD试验开始时还检测到最大数量的抗性基因，其浓度为: tetM > tetO。在高挥发性固体（VS）含量和高混合速率下，ARG的数量始终较高。结果表明，混匀率与VS含量之间的关系对ARGs、OTC及其代谢物的消除起着至关重要的作用。这可以归因于高VS含量导致的微生物的高丰度以及它们与提高的混合速率的增加的接触。微生物之间相互作用的增加触发ARGs的丰富。

The way that antibiotic residues in manure follow is one of the greatest concerns due to its potential negative impacts on microbial communities, the release of metabolites and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) into the nature and the loss of energy recovery in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems. This study evaluated the link between different operating conditions, the biodegradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) and the formation of its metabolites and ARGs in anaerobic digesters treating cow manure. Microbial communities and ARGs were determined through the use of quantitative real-time PCR. The biodegradation of OTC and occurrence of metabolites were determined using UV-HPLC and LC/MS/MS respectively. The maximum quantity of resistance genes was also examined at the beginning of AD tests and concentration was in the order of: tetM > tetO. The numbers of ARGs were always higher at high volatile solids (VS) content and high mixing rate. The results of the investigation revealed that relationship between mixing rate and VS content plays a crucial role for elimination of ARGs, OTC and metabolites. This can be attributed to high abundance of microorganisms due to high VS content and their increased contact with elevated mixing rate. An increased interaction between microorganisms triggers the promotion of ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651317305419