摘要

      土壤和水等环境中可能存在各种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG)。 这篇评论和意见文章简要总结了当前在这些环境中量化 ARG 的方法，特别强调了它们在常规 ARG 监测中的应用潜力。 对于常规 ARG 监测，方法应快速、特异、灵敏且易于使用。 如果评估/评估治疗过程中 ARG 的去除效率或潜在的人类健康风险，定量数据也很重要。 为了满足这些要求，不依赖于培养、基于扩增的方法最有前途，包括定量聚合酶链反应、高通量定量聚合酶链反应、数字 PCR 和环介导等温扩增。 靶基因的选择对于常规 ARG 监测也很重要。 未来的研究可能包括确定可以预测各种 ARG 的发生和水平的 ARG 指标。

      Various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) could be present in environments such as soil and water. This review and opinion article briefly summarizes on the current methods to quantify ARGs in these environments, with special emphasis on their application potentials for routine ARG monitoring. For routine ARG monitoring, methods should be rapid, specific, sensitive, and easy-to-use. Quantitative data are also important if removal efficiencies of ARGs during treatment processes or potential human health risks are evaluated/assessed. To meet these requirements, culture-independent, amplification-based methods are most promising, including quantitative polymerase chain reaction, high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction, digital PCR, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Selection of target genes is also important for routine ARG monitoring. Future research may include the identification of ARG indicators that can predict the occurrence and the levels of various ARGs.

       https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2468584420300131