摘要

       污水处理厂 (WWTP) 的流出物已被提议作为环境中抗生素抗性细菌 (ARB) 和抗菌素抗性基因 (ARG) 的点源。医院污水可能会促进 ARB 和 ARGs 的传播，因为它含有住院患者的粪便和尿液中，多重耐药菌的定植频率高于一般人群，但医院污水是否对普通污水系统中 ARGs 的数量和多样性有显着影响尚未确定。在这里，我们采用独立于培养的技术，即 16S rRNA 基因测序和纳升级定量 PCR，通过比较医院污水中的微生物群组成和 ARGs 水平，评估医院污水作为污水系统中 ARGs 点源的作用。带有和不带有医院污水的污水处理厂进水。与其他地点相比，医院污水中人类相关细菌含量最高，ARGs 的相对水平也最高。然而，在有和没有医院污水的污水处理厂进水中，ARG 的相对丰度是可比的，这表明医院对所调查的污水系统中 ARG 的数量和多样性没有重要贡献。

       Effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been proposed to act as point sources of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Hospital sewage may contribute to the spread of ARB and ARGs as it contains the feces and urine of hospitalized patients, who are more frequently colonized with multi-drug resistant bacteria than the general population. However, whether hospital sewage noticeably contributes to the quantity and diversity of ARGs in the general sewerage system has not yet been determined.Here, we employed culture-independent techniques, namely 16S rRNA gene sequencing and nanolitre-scale quantitative PCRs, to assess the role of hospital effluent as a point source of ARGs in the sewerage system, through comparing microbiota composition and levels of ARGs in hospital sewage with WWTP influent with and without hospital sewage.Compared to other sites, hospital sewage was richest in human-associated bacteria and contained the highest relative levels of ARGs. Yet, the relative abundance of ARGs was comparable in the influent of WWTPs with and without hospital sewage, suggesting that hospitals do not contribute importantly to the quantity and diversity of ARGs in the investigated sewerage system.

https://academic.oup.com/femsec/article/94/7/fiy087/4995906?login=true