摘要

水产养殖产品中的抗菌素污染对食品安全构成了危害，但在鱼-猪一体化水产养殖中，抗菌剂的引入和积累却知之甚少。本研究于2013年进行，旨在通过UPLC - MS / MS分析从罗非鱼-猪综合养殖场、非罗非鱼养殖场和鱼饲料供应点采集的11种抗菌药物在鱼饲料( n = 37 )、猪粪( n = 9 )、池塘沉积物( n = 20 )、鱼皮( n = 20 )和肌肉组织( n = 20 )中的残留。综合农场和非综合农场的鱼皮和猪粪中的抗菌药物残留量较高。恩诺沙星( 3.9～129.3μg / kg )和磺胺嘧啶( 0.7～7.8μg / kg )在综合养殖场的鱼皮、肌肉、猪粪和池塘底泥中普遍存在，猪粪和罗非鱼样品中存在不同类型的抗菌剂。在非综合养殖场，磺胺嘧啶( 2.5～89.9μg / kg )是鱼皮和肌肉、鱼饲料和池塘沉积物中检测到的主要抗菌药物。一般来说，罗非鱼-猪综合养殖场的抗菌剂似乎不会从猪传到鱼，鱼饲料、猪饲料和池塘沉积物似乎并不是这两种系统鱼类中发现的抗菌剂的重要来源。与鱼类肌肉相比，鱼皮中抗菌药物残留的频繁发现可能是由于不同组织类型中的药代动力学不同，由于抗菌残留监测通常是在分析混合皮肤和鱼肌样品时进行的，因此它们具有实际的食品安全意义。

Antimicrobial contamination in aquaculture products constitutes a food safety hazard, but little is known about the introduction and accumulation of antimicrobials in integrated fish-pig aquaculture. This study, conducted in 2013, aimed to determine the residues of 11 types of antimicrobials by UPLC-MS/MS analysis in fish feed (n = 37), pig feed (n = 9), pig manure (n = 9), pond sediment (n = 20), fish skin (n = 20) and muscle tissue (n = 20) sampled from integrated tilapia-pig farms, non-integrated tilapia farms and fish feed supply shops. There was a higher occurrence of antimicrobial residues in fish skin from both integrated and non-integrated farms, and in pig manure. Enrofloxacin (3.9–129.3 μg/kg) and sulfadiazine (0.7–7.8 μg/kg) were commonly detected in fish skin and muscle, pig manure and pond sediment from integrated farms, with different types of antimicrobials found in pig manure and tilapia samples. In non-integrated farms, sulfadiazine (2.5–89.9 μg/kg) was the predominant antimicrobial detected in fish skin and muscle, fish feed and pond sediment. In general, antimicrobials seemed not to be commonly transmitted from pig to fish in tilapia-pig integrated farms, and fish feed, pig feed and pond sediment did not seem as important sources of the antimicrobials found in fish from both systems. The frequent findings of antimicrobial residues in fish skin compared with fish muscle was probably due to different pharmacokinetics in different tissue types, which have practical food safety implications since antimicrobial residues monitoring is usually performed analyzing mixed skin and fish muscle samples.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717301341