摘要

       抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 已被确定为环境中的新兴污染物。然而，关于高海拔天然湿地中 ARG 的信息很少。在本研究中，我们调查了青藏高原 32 处湿地，随着湿地类型、海拔高度和环境因素的变化，评估该地区 ARGs 的决定因素。在所有湿地中都检测到 ARGs，范围从 1.80 × 105 到 1.35 × 107 拷贝/克土壤。湿地土壤中的 ARGs 多样且丰富，每个站点都不同，但空间地理距离不影响 ARG 剖面。湿地中移动遗传元件的范围从每克土壤 3.13 × 103 到 1.02 × 106 个拷贝，表明移动遗传元件的低丰度表明高原细菌之间的 ARGs 转移率较低。细菌群落组成是塑造 ARG 多样性和地理分布的主要驱动因素。土壤水分和温度与该地区的ARG丰度呈正相关。这些结果不仅可以更好地了解青藏高原 ARGs 的背景水平，而且还揭示了气候变化和人类活动增加对 ARGs 分布的影响。

       Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been identified as emerging pollutants in the environment. However, little information is available for ARGs in natural wetlands at high altitude. In this study, we investigated 32 wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with the variation of wetland types, altitude, and environmental factors, to assess the determinant factor of ARGs in this area. ARGs were detected in all the wetlands, ranged from 1.80 × 105 to 1.35 × 107 copies per gram of soils. The ARGs in wetland soils were diverse and abundant, and varied from each site, but the spatial geographical distance did not influence the ARG profile. The mobile genetic elements in wetlands ranged from 3.13 × 103 to 1.02 × 106 copies per gram of soil, indicating the low abundance of mobile genetic elements suggests a lower transfer rate of ARGs between bacteria in the Plateau. Bacterial community composition was the main driver in shaping the ARG diversity and geographic distribution. Soil moisture and temperature were positively correlated with ARG abundance in this region. These results not only provide a better understanding of the background levels of ARGs in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, but also shed light on the influence of climate change and increased human activities on the distribution of ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389418307891