摘要

       随着城市化和工业化的快速发展，城郊地区往往是垃圾堆放地，这可能会加剧垃圾对土壤细菌的抗生素耐药性的发生和传播。然而，抗生素抗性组的概况和影响其在城郊地区传播的相关因素尚未得到充分探索。在这里，我们通过使用高通量 qPCR 对流域尺度四个季节的城郊耕地和原始土壤中的抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 进行了表征。城郊土壤中的ARGs多样且丰富，在城郊土壤样本中共检测到222个基因。与原始土壤相比，耕地土壤中含有更多种类的 ARGs，并且几乎所有在原始土壤中检测到的 ARGs 也在农田中检测到。随机森林预测表明，ARG 的整体模式与土地利用类型密切相关。 Mantel 测试和部分冗余分析表明细菌群落变异是抗生素耐药性改变的主要因素。发现ARGs的丰度与移动遗传元件（MGEs）之间存在显着的正相关，表明ARGs在城郊地区的潜在流动性。我们的结果扩展了对城郊地区抵抗组组成的了解，并表明人为活动驱动了其时空分布。

       With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the peri-urban areas are often the sites for waste dumps, which may exacerbate the occurrence and spread of antibiotic resistance from waste to soil bacteria. However, the profiles of antibiotic resistomes and the associated factors influencing their dissemination in peri-urban areas have not been fully explored. Here, we characterized the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in peri-urban arable and pristine soils in four seasons at the watershed scale, by using high-throughput qPCR. ARGs in peri-urban soils were diverse and abundant, with a total of 222 genes were detected in the peri-urban soil samples. The arable soil harbored more diverse ARGs compared to the pristine soils, and nearly all the ARGs detected in the pristine soils were also detected in the farmlands. A random forest prediction showed that the overall patterns of ARGs clustered closely with the landuse type. Mantel test and partial redundancy analysis indicated that bacterial community variation is a major contributor to antibiotic resistome alteration. Significant positive correlation was found between the abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), suggesting potential mobility of ARGs in peri-urban areas. Our results extend knowledge of the resistomes compositions in peri-urban areas, and suggest that anthropogenic activities driving its spatial and temporal distribution.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026974911734407X