摘要

       耐药菌 (ARB) 的发生和传播是全球紧迫的公共卫生问题，水生生态系统是公认的 ARB 储存库。我们使用依赖培养的方法和定量分子技术来检测和量化来自密歇根州和俄亥俄州几个城市的源水、饮用水处理厂和自来水中的 ARB 和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG)。我们在测试的所有成品水和自来水中都发现了 ARG 和异养 ARB，尽管数量很少。大多数 ARGs 在自来水中的含量高于成品水和源水中。总体来看，原水细菌含量高于自来水，自来水中ARB含量高于成品水，表明饮用水配水系统中存在细菌再生。在水处理期间和自来水中观察到对某些抗生素的耐药性升高。水处理可能会增加存活细菌的抗生素耐药性，而配水系统可能是抗生素耐药性对机会性病原体传播的重要水库。

       The occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are pressing public health problems worldwide, and aquatic ecosystems are a recognized reservoir for ARB. We used culture-dependent methods and quantitative molecular techniques to detect and quantify ARB and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in source waters, drinking water treatment plants, and tap water from several cities in Michigan and Ohio. We found ARGs and heterotrophic ARB in all finished water and tap water tested, although the amounts were small. The quantities of most ARGs were greater in tap water than in finished water and source water. In general, the levels of bacteria were higher in source water than in tap water, and the levels of ARB were higher in tap water than in finished water, indicating that there was regrowth of bacteria in drinking water distribution systems. Elevated resistance to some antibiotics was observed during water treatment and in tap water. Water treatment might increase the antibiotic resistance of surviving bacteria, and water distribution systems may serve as an important reservoir for the spread of antibiotic resistance to opportunistic pathogens.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737933/