摘要

       抗生素主要用于食用动物，以促进公共健康和环境中的生长和预防目的。本综述的目的主要是讨论家禽、牲畜和水产养殖部门的抗生素使用情况，特别是在印度，以及动物抗生素耐药性的鉴定、相应的抗生素耐药基因 (ARG)（如果进行了调查）及其在人群中的传播。全国各地的环境部门。还讨论了不同抗生素的分类和作用机制。它报告了从食用动物到人类和环境的风险、收益和 ARGs 发展机制。目前的大多数研究都是在医学领域进行的，涉及调节/限制抗生素的使用和跟踪患者细菌样本中 ARGs 的传播，并且还报告了各国废水处理厂流出物中抗生素和 ARGs 的鉴定。本研究主要详细回顾了印度情景下 ARGs 的演变和运输。

       Antibiotics are majorly used in food animals for growth promotion and prophylactic purposes in public health and environment. The aim of this review is mainly to discuss about the antibiotics usage in poultry, livestock and aquaculture sectors, particularly in India, and the identification of antibiotic resistance in animals, their corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (if investigated) and their dissemination among environmental compartments in various parts of the country. It also discusses about the classification and mechanism of action of different antibiotics. It reports the risks, benefits, ARGs development mechanisms from food animals to humans and to the environment. Most of the current studies are done in the medical field on regulating/restricting antibiotic usage and tracking the propagation of ARGs in bacterial samples of sick patients and also report the identification of antibiotics and ARGs in wastewater treatment plant effluents across various countries. This study mainly reviews the evolution and transportation of ARGs in detail for Indian scenario.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213343718301003