摘要 

       抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）被认为是与人类活动相关的新兴污染物。城市的水生环境容易导致 ARGs 的持续存在和流行。在本研究中，我们调查了 2016 年旱季和雨季中国珠海饮用水源、城市河流和沿海地区的沉积物样品中 ARGs 和整合酶基因的发生和分布。 sulII抗性基因的检出频率最高（85.71%）；其平均浓度在旱季和雨季均最高（分别为 3.78 × 107 和 9.04 × 107 拷贝/g 沉积物），其次是 tetC、tetO、tetA、ermB、dfrA1 和 blaPSE-1。从时间上看，雨季总ARGs浓度可能高于旱季；在空间上，饮用水源中总 ARGs 的浓度大大低于城市河流和附近沿海地区的浓度，表明不同程度的人为影响和随之而来的健康风险。在所有湿季样本中发现 intI1 与每个定量 ARG 之间存在正相关，而不是旱季样本，这表明夏季较高的温度和更多的降雨可能对 ARG 传播产生积极影响，尤其是由 intI1 基因和 I 类整合子介导的传播。

       Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are regarded as emerging contaminants related with human activities. Aquatic environments of an urban city are apt for the persistence and prevalence of ARGs. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of ARGs and integrase genes in the sediment samples collected from drinking water sources, urban rivers, and coastal areas of Zhuhai, China, in the dry and wet seasons of 2016. The results show that sulfonamide resistance gene of sulII was present at the highest detection frequency (85.71%); and its average concentrations were also the highest in both dry and wet seasons (3.78 × 107 and 9.04 × 107 copies/g sediment, respectively), followed by tetC, tetO, tetA, ermB, dfrA1, and blaPSE-1. Temporally, the concentrations of total ARGs in the wet season were likely higher than those in the dry season; and spatially, the concentrations of total ARGs in the drinking water sources were substantially lower than those in the urban rivers and nearby coastal areas, indicating the different degrees of anthropogenic impact and consequent health risks. Positive correlations were found between intI1 and each quantitative ARG in all wet season samples rather than dry season samples, which suggested higher temperature and more rain in summer might have positive influences on ARG dissemination, especially that mediated by intI1 gene and class I integrons.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-018-2664-0