摘要

       分布在抗生素抗性细菌（ARBs）中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在水产养殖中广泛存在，对水生生物和人类都有很大威胁。然而，我们对 ARGs 对水生生物健康风险的了解仍然有限。在本研究中，我们通过依赖培养和独立的方法深入了解了虾肠道细菌中 ARG 的多样性。基于PCR的检测和培养依赖分析的结果表明，四环素、磺胺嘧啶、喹诺酮和红霉素抗性基因在从水产市场或超市购买的商品虾中普遍存在。不依赖培养的质粒宏基因组分析鉴定了 62 种不同的 ARG，分为 21 种类型，丰度范围为 13 至 1418 ppm。分析表明，大部分 ARG 来自源自弧菌（占 2.8-51%）和气单胞菌（占 16-55%）的质粒，弧菌群被认为是可能导致虾病。因此，专注于移动遗传元件的质粒宏基因组在复杂环境中的 ARG 鉴定方面具有巨大潜力。

       Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that distributed in antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) are widespread in aquaculture and have great threats to the aquatic organism as well as to human. However, our understanding about the risk of ARGs to the health of aquatic organism is still limited. In the present study, we got a deep insight into the diversity of ARGs in the intestinal bacteria of shrimp by culture-dependent and independent approaches. Results of the PCR-based detection and culture-dependent analysis indicated that the tetracycline, sulfadiazine, quinolone and erythromycin resistance genes were prevalent in the commercial shrimps that bought from aquatic markets or supermarket. The culture-independent plasmid metagenomic analysis identified 62 different ARGs, which were classified into 21 types, with abundances ranging from 13 to 1418 ppm. The analysis suggested that most of the ARGs come from the plasmids originating from Vibrio (accounted for 2.8–51%) and Aeromonas (accounted for 16–55%), and the Vibrio group was concluded to be the main bacterial pathogen that probably resulted in the shrimp disease. Accordingly, the plasmid metagenomic that focuses on the mobile genetic elements has great potential on the identification of ARGs in complex environments.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0147651319301368