摘要

       废水处理厂 (WWTP) 是抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 释放和抗生素 (AB) 排放到环境中的点源。虽然污水处理厂排放的 ARGs 会导致接收河流中 ARGs 的增加，但在此背景下亚抑制性 AB 浓度的作用也在讨论中。然而，本研究中获得的结果表明，在环境浓度下，AB 对抗性选择没有影响。相反，我们强调 ARG 运输的重要性，并在这方面强调废水颗粒和相关微生物的相关性。我们可以证明污水处理厂出水颗粒部分内的 ARGs（ermB、blaTEM、tetM、qnrS）以及兼性致病菌（FPB）（肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌）很可能留在接收水库的河床中。沉淀造成的水。此外，在颗粒部分中测量的 ARG 和 FPB 丰度与接收河流沉积物（下游与上游相比）中测量的 delta ARG 和 FPB 丰度密切相关（R2=0.93，p<0.05）。显然，来自污水处理厂出水的可沉降 ARGs 和 FPB 的绝对数量足以将接收河床的丰度增加 0.5 到 2 log 单位。

       Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are point sources for both, the release of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and the discharge of antibiotics (ABs) into the environment. While it is well established that ARGs emission by WWTPs leads to an ARGs increase in receiving rivers, also the role of sub-inhibitory AB concentrations in this context is being discussed. However, the results obtained in this study suggest that, at environmental concentrations, ABs do not have an effect on resistance selection. Instead, we emphasize the significance of ARG transport and, in that respect, highlight the relevance of wastewater particles and associated microorganisms. We can show that ARGs (ermB, blaTEM, tetM, qnrS) as well as facultative pathogenic bacteria (FPB) (enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii) inside the particulate fraction of WWTP effluent are very likely to remain in the riverbed of the receiving water due to sedimentation. Moreover, ARG and FPB abundances measured in the particulate fraction strongly correlated with the delta ARG and FPB abundances measured in the receiving river sediment (downstream compared to upstream) (R2 = 0.93, p < 0.05). Apparently, the sheer amount of settleable ARGs and FPB from WWTP effluent is sufficient, to increase abundances in the receiving riverbed by 0.5 to 2 log units.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969718333655