摘要

       抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的流行和扩散已被确定为一种新出现的令人关注的污染物，并对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁。在这项研究中，我们在中国开展了一项全国范围的抽样活动，以调查农业土壤中 8 种主要 ARG 的分布和丰度。中国农业土壤中磺胺(sul)和四环素(tet)抗性基因水平分别为10- 6-10- 2至10- 8-10- 2基因拷贝/16S rRNA基因拷贝。中国东北地区是 ARGs 的热点，可能是由于该地区长期的污水灌溉。进一步进行冗余分析以评估环境变量对 ARG 丰度的影响。磺胺类抗性基因与气象参数（年平均降水量和温度）有很强的相关性，从北向南呈递减趋势。相比之下，四环素抗性基因与土壤有机质和pH值的关系更为密切。重金属和 ARGs 之间的共选择在 Cu、Hg 和磺胺类抗性基因中显着。本研究重点介绍了中国农业土壤中 ARG 污染的现状及其影响因素。研究结果对于确定减少抗生素释放和控制 ARG 在全球农业部门传播的有效管理方案很有价值。

       The prevalence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been identified as an emerging contaminant of concern and a crucial threat to public health worldwide. In this study, we carried out a nation-wide sampling campaign across China to investigate the distribution and abundances of 8 major ARGs in agricultural soils. The levels of sulfonamide (sul) and tetracycline (tet) resistance genes in China's agricultural soils ranged from 10− 6–10− 2 to 10− 8–10− 2 gene copies/16S rRNA gene copies, respectively. Northeast China is the hot-spot of ARGs, likely due to long-term wastewater irrigation in the area. Redundancy analysis was further performed to assess the influences of environmental variables on ARG abundances. Sulfonamide resistance genes displayed strong correlations with meteorological parameters (mean annual precipitation and temperature), and decreased from north to south. In comparison, tetracycline resistance genes were more closely related to soil organic matter and pH. Co-selection between heavy metals and ARGs was significant among Cu, Hg and sulfonamide resistance genes. This study highlighted the current status of ARG contamination and their influencing factors in China's agricultural soils. Findings are valuable to identify effective management options for reducing the release of antibiotics and control ARG spread in the agriculture sector across the world.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969717312524