摘要

       全世界越来越关注农场中抗生素和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的流行。在这项研究中，我们调查了 7 种抗生素和 10 种 ARG 在新鲜和干燥的猪粪、沼液以及生态农场的葡萄种植土壤中的分布。这些样品（除磺胺甲恶唑外）在干燥粪便中检出抗生素，包括磺胺二甲嘧啶、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、四环素、土霉素和金霉素。一般来说，样品中抗生素含量的顺序是：沼液>新鲜粪便>土壤或干粪便。生态风险评估结果显示，在七种抗生素中，金霉素的生态风险最高。在 10 个 ARG 中，sulI 和 tetO 在这个生态农场中最为普遍。该生态农场中某些 ARG 与相应抗生素之间存在正相关关系。因此，应在集中养殖作业系统附近的农业生态系统中对抗生素及其相应的 ARG 进行持续监测。

       There is a growing concern worldwide about the prevalence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on the farm. In this study, we investigated the distribution of seven antibiotics and ten ARGs in fresh and dried pig feces, in biogas slurry, and in grape-planting soil from an ecological farm. Antibiotics including sulfamethazine, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and chlortetracycline were detected in these samples (except for sulfamethoxazole) in dried feces. In general, antibiotics levels in samples were in the sequence: biogas slurry > fresh feces > soil or dried feces. Results of ecological risk assessments revealed that among the seven antibiotics chlortetracycline showed the highest ecological risk. Among the ten ARGs, sulI and tetO were the most prevalent on this ecological farm. There were positive correlations between certain ARGs and the corresponding antibiotics on this ecological farm. Therefore, continuous monitoring of antibiotics and their corresponding ARGs should be conducted in the agroecosystem near the concentrated animal farming operation systems.

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2015/526143/