摘要

       越来越清楚的是，细菌病原体之间抗生素耐药性问题的基础不仅限于临床微生物学的边界，而且具有更广泛的生态和进化关联。微生物学前沿：抗菌素、耐药性和化疗中的本研究主题“抗生素和相关耐药基因在环境中的作用和流行”介绍了抗生素耐药基因 (ARG) 在广泛环境中的发生和多样性的例子，从哥伦比亚安第斯山脉的草原，到美国的奶牛场和小动物兽医医院，再到欧洲大陆和印度支那的各种环境。此外，还介绍了有助于 ARG 传播和维持的各种遗传机制和选择/共同选择因素。该主题通过数学建模方法最终确定，以获取细菌种群中罕见水平基因转移 (HGT) 事件的概率。

       It becomes increasingly clear that the basis of antibiotic resistance problem among bacterial pathogens is not confined to the borders of clinical microbiology but has broader ecological and evolutionary associations. This Research Topic “Role and prevalence of antibiosis and the related resistance genes in the environment” in Frontiers in Microbiology: Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy presents the examples of occurrence and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the wide range of environments, from the grasslands of the Colombian Andes, to the dairy farms and small animal veterinary hospitals in the United Stated, and to the various environments of Continental Europe and Indochina. Besides, various genetic mechanisms and selection/co-selection factors contributing to the dissemination and maintenance of ARGs are presented. The topic is finalized by the mathematical modeling approach to access the probability of rare horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events in bacterial populations.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00520/full