摘要

       报道了新型双子（双链/双头）阳离子表面活性剂 Nα,Nω-双（Nα-酰基精氨酸）α,ω-亚烷基二酰胺，即所谓的双（Args）的生物学特性。 研究了双 (Args) 的烷基（10 和 12 个碳原子）和间隔链（来自 2-10 个亚甲基）对其抗菌活性、对大型水蚤和磷光杆菌的急性毒性以及需氧生物降解性的影响。 这些表面活性剂构成了一类新型的低毒化学品，具有优异的表面特性和显着的抗菌活性。 这些化合物的水生毒性低于传统的单季铵盐。 至于生物降解试验，具有间隔链⩽6亚甲基的分子可以被认为是易于生物降解的。 双 (Args) 疏水性的增加是其环境行为的负面结构参数。 

       Biological properties of novel gemini (double-chain/double-head) cationic surfactants, Nα,Nω-bis(Nα-acylarginine)α,ω-alkylendiamides, so-called bis(Args), are reported. The effect of both the alkyl (10 and 12 carbon atoms) and the spacer chain (from 2–10 methylene groups) of bis(Args) on their antimicrobial activity, acute toxicity on Daphnia magna and Photobacterium phosphoreum, and aerobic biodegradability is studied. These surfactants constitute a novel class of chemicals of low toxicity with excellent surface properties and considerable antimicrobial activity. The aquatic toxicity of these compounds is lower than that of the conventional Monoquats. As regards the biodegradation test, the molecules with a spacer chain ⩽6 methylene groups can be considered as ready biodegradable. The increase of hydrophobicity in the bis(Args) is a negative structural parameter for their environmental behavior.

https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/etc.5620210624